TABLE I.
Characteristics of the Cohort, Overall and by Surgery Type
| Overall (N = 61,695) | THA (N = 10,268) | HA (N = 51,427) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, in years (no. [%] of patients) | <0.001 | |||
| 66-69 | 3,486 (5.7%) | 1,427 (13.9%) | 2,059 (4.0%) | |
| 70-74 | 7,457 (12.1%) | 2,284 (22.2%) | 5,173 (10.1%) | |
| 75-79 | 11,363 (18.4%) | 2,394 (23.3%) | 8,969 (17.4%) | |
| 80-84 | 15,016 (24.3%) | 2,090 (20.4%) | 12,926 (25.1%) | |
| 85-89 | 15,605 (25.3%) | 1,487 (14.5%) | 14,118 (27.5%) | |
| ≥90 | 8,768 (14.2%) | 586 (5.7%) | 8,182 (15.9%) | |
| Sex (no. [%] of patients) | <0.001 | |||
| Female | 45,707 (74.1%) | 7,372 (71.8%) | 38,335 (74.5%) | |
| Male | 15,988 (25.9%) | 2,896 (28.2%) | 13,092 (25.5%) | |
| Race/ethnicity (no. [%] of patients) | <0.001 | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 56,860 (92.2%) | 9,612 (93.6%) | 47,248 (91.9%) | |
| Black/African American | 1,632 (2.6%) | 214 (2.1%) | 1,418 (2.8%) | |
| Hispanic | 1,715 (2.8%) | 230 (2.2%) | 1,485 (2.9%) | |
| Other | 1,488 (2.4%) | 212 (2.1%) | 1,276 (2.5%) | |
| No. of comorbidities* | 3.3 ± 2.8 | 2.8 ± 2.6 | 3.4 ± 2.8 | <0.001 |
| Low-income status (no. [%] of patients) | <0.001 | |||
| No | 53,834 (87.3%) | 9,477 (92.3%) | 44,357 (86.3%) | |
| Yes | 7,861 (12.7%) | 791 (7.7%) | 7,070 (13.7%) | |
| Census region of facility (no. [%] of patients) | 0.004 | |||
| Northeast | 9,887 (16.0%) | 1,646 (16.0%) | 8,241 (16.0%) | |
| South | 27,418 (44.4%) | 4,536 (44.2%) | 22,882 (44.5%) | |
| Midwest | 13,548 (22.0%) | 2,148 (20.9%) | 11,400 (22.2%) | |
| West | 10,842 (17.6%) | 1,938 (18.9%) | 8,904 (17.3%) | |
| Use of cementation (no. [%] of patients) | <0.001 | |||
| No | 23,662 (38.4%) | 4,848 (47.2%) | 18,814 (36.6%) | |
| Yes | 18,742 (30.4%) | 1,793 (17.5%) | 16,949 (33.0%) | |
| Unspecified | 19,291 (31.3%) | 3,627 (35.3%) | 15,664 (30.5%) | |
| Overall facility volume of THAs* | 126.7 ± 114.2 | 149.1 ± 136.2 | 122.2 ± 108.7 | <0.001 |
| Proportion of facility’s THAs performed for fractures* | 0.35 ± 0.31 | 0.30 ± 0.20 | 0.41 ± 0.21 | <0.001 |
| Proportion of femoral neck fracture cases treated with HA* | 0.82 ± 0.11 | 0.72 ± 0.22 | 0.91 ± 0.13 | <0.001 |
*
Values given as the mean and standard deviation.