1 |
Doxorubicin |
Anthracycline |
Topoisomerase IIα and IIβ poison, intercalation, free radicals |
Various cancers |
Cardiotoxicity, myelosuppression, nausea, potential for cumulative toxicity |
[53,54] |
2 |
Epirubicin |
Anthracycline |
Topoisomerase IIα and IIβ poison, intercalation, free radicals |
Breast cancer |
Cardiotoxicity, myelosuppression, nausea, potential for cumulative toxicity |
[36] |
3 |
Valrubicin |
Anthracycline |
Topoisomerase IIα and IIβ poison, intercalation, free radicals |
Urinary bladder carcinoma |
Local irritation, urinary symptoms, myelosuppression |
[55] |
4 |
Daunorubicin |
Anthracycline |
Topoisomerase IIα and IIβ poison, intercalation, free radicals |
Leukemia |
Cardiotoxicity, myelosuppression, nausea, potential for cumulative toxicity |
[56] |
5 |
Idarubicin |
Anthracycline |
Topoisomerase IIα and IIβ poison, intercalation, free radicals |
Leukemia |
Cardiotoxicity, myelosuppression, nausea, potential for cumulative toxicity |
[57] |
6 |
Mitoxantrone |
Anthracenedione |
Topoisomerase II poison, intercalation |
Leukemia, prostate cancer, MS |
Myelosuppression, potential for cumulative toxicity, potential for myelosuppression |
[58] |
7 |
Pixantrone |
Anthracenedione |
Topoisomerase II poison, intercalation |
Non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma |
Myelosuppression, potential for cumulative toxicity |
[43] |
8 |
Amsacrine |
Acridine |
Topoisomerase II poison, intercalation |
Acute leukemia |
Myelosuppression, potential for cumulative toxicity |
|
9 |
Camptothecin |
Camptothecin |
Topoisomerase I inhibitor, DNA strand breaks |
Not specified |
Gastrointestinal toxicity, myelosuppression, potential for cumulative toxicity |
[59] |
10 |
Topotecan |
Camptothecin |
Topoisomerase I inhibitor, DNA strand breaks |
Small-cell lung cancer |
Myelosuppression, gastrointestinal toxicity, potential for cumulative toxicity |
[60,61] |
11 |
Irinotecan |
Camptothecin |
Topoisomerase I inhibitor, DNA strand breaks |
Colon and rectal carcinoma |
Diarrhea, myelosuppression, potential for cumulative toxicity |
[62] |
12 |
Belotecan |
Camptothecin |
Topoisomerase I inhibitor, DNA strand breaks |
Non-small-cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer |
Myelosuppression, gastrointestinal toxicity, potential for cumulative toxicity |
[50] |
13 |
Etoposide |
Epipodophyllotoxin |
Topoisomerase II poison, intercalation |
Testicular tumors, small-cell lung cancer |
Myelosuppression, gastrointestinal toxicity, potential for cumulative toxicity |
[63] |
14 |
Teniposide |
Epipodophyllotoxin |
Topoisomerase II poison, intercalation |
Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia |
Myelosuppression, gastrointestinal toxicity, potential for cumulative toxicity |
[64] |