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. 2023 Oct 19;15(20):4435. doi: 10.3390/nu15204435

Table 3.

Standardized costs by treatment groups in US dollars.

Control (n = 1958) Intervention (n = 196) Difference 95%-CI p-Value
Mean
(SD)
Median
(Q1, Q3)
Mean
(SD)
Median
(Q1, Q3)
Total billed charges
for any reason
69.3 (179) 20.1 (6.7, 61.9) 61.3 (103) 22.2 (8.5, 74.1) −8.04 −24.5 to 8.4 0.36
Cost of hospitalizations
due to COVID-19
0.56 (12.5) 0 (0, 0) 0 (0) 0 (0, 0) −0.56 −2.3 to 1.2 0.48
Cost of ICU admissions
due to COVID-19
0.33 (8.9) 0 (0, 0) 0 (0) 0 (0, 0) −0.33 −0.72 to 0.06 0.58
Cost of ventilator use
due to COVID-19 (zeros entry)
Medical pharmacy prescription
costs for any reason
6.4 (92.4) 0 (0, 0) 7.4 (51.4) 0 (0, 0) 1.05 −7.3 to 9.4 0.52
Freestanding prescription
costs for any reason
9.05 (38.3) 1.4 (0.2, 5.4) 13.4 (34.9) 1.6 (0.4, 8.1) 4.4 −1.2 to 9.9 0.07

SD—standard deviation; CI—confidence interval. Difference uses control group as reference.