Table A4.
Fatty acid compositions of colostrum.
| Colostrum | Observational Study | Intervention Trial | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Historical Control | Perilla Oil Group | Fish Oil Group | ||||
| Fatty Acids | n = 208 | n = 92 | n = 88 | |||
| Total saturated fatty acids | 37.21 ± 0.19 | 37.70 ± 0.28 | 37.49 ± 0.32 | |||
| Total mono-unsaturated fatty acids | 41.40 ± 0.18 | 40.03 ± 0.29 | ** | 40.61 ± 0.30 | ||
| ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids | ||||||
| Linoleic acid (LA) | 18:2n-6 | 12.43 ± 0.10 | 13.05 ± 0.15 | ** | 12.68 ± 0.16 | |
| Arachidonic acid (ARA) | 20:4n-6 | 0.93 ± 0.02 | 0.86 ± 0.02 | * | 0.81 ± 0.02 | ** |
| Docosapentaenoic acid n-6 (DPAn-6) | 22:5n-6 | 0.10 ± 0.004 | 0.09 ± 0.004 | 0.09 ± 0.004 | ||
| Total ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids | 15.73 ± 0.10 | 16.21 ± 0.15 | * | 15.68 ± 0.16 | # | |
| ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids | ||||||
| α-Linolenic acid (ALA) | 18:3n-3 | 1.04 ± 0.02 | 1.21 ± 0.02 | ** | 1.07 ± 0.03 | ## |
| Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) | 20:5n-3 | 0.24 ± 0.01 | 0.24 ± 0.01 | 0.28 ± 0.01 | *,# | |
| Docosapentaenoic acid n-3 (DPAn-3) | 22:5n-3 | 0.64 ± 0.01 | 0.59 ± 0.02 | 0.86 ± 0.03 | **,## | |
| Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) | 22:6n-3 | 1.34 ± 0.03 | 1.24 ± 0.05 | 1.32 ± 0.05 | ||
| Total ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids | 3.42 ± 0.06 | 3.45 ± 0.09 | 3.68 ± 0.09 | * | ||
| Omega-3 Index (EPA + DHA) | 1.58 ± 0.04 | 1.48 ± 0.06 | 1.60 ± 0.06 | |||
| ARA/EPA | 4.50 ± 0.16 | 4.56 ± 0.25 | 3.51 ± 0.20 | **,## | ||
| ARA/DHA | 0.76 ± 0.02 | 0.77 ± 0.03 | 0.67 ± 0.02 | *,# | ||
| ω-6/ω-3 | 4.84 ± 0.08 | 4.92 ± 0.11 | 4.44 ± 0.10 | **,## | ||
% of total fatty acids; data are presented as means ± SEM; p-value: one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s test; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. historical control; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 vs. perilla oil.