| PDT | Photodynamic therapy |
| PTT | Photothermal therapy |
| PTA | Photothermal agent |
| NDDS | Nanodrug Delivery Systems |
| SC | Stratum corneum |
| MNs | Microneedles |
| rGO | Reduced graphene oxide |
| H2O2 | Hydrogen peroxide |
| HRP | Horseradish peroxidase |
| NIR | Near-infrared |
| HA | Hyaluronic acid |
| EDC | 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride |
| NHS | N-hydroxysuccinimide |
| DA | Grafting dopamine |
| HA-DA | Hyaluronic acid-graft-dopamine |
| GO | Graphene oxide |
| PDA | Polydopamine |
| CEC | N-carboxyethyl chitosan |
| OHA-AT | Oxidized hyaluronic acid-aniline tetramer polymer |
| L-Arg | L-arginine |
| NO | Nitric oxide |
| NOS | Nitric oxide synthase |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor |
| ZIF-8 | Zeolite-type imidazolic acid skeleton-8 |
| MeHA | Hyaluronic acid methacrylate |
| Zn-MOF | Zinc metal-organic framework |
| ECM | Extracellular matrix |
| BTE | Bone tissue regeneration |
| OCS | Oxidized chondroitin sulfate |
| Gel | Gelatin |
| MBGNs | Mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles |
| H & E | Hematoxylin–eosin staining |
| POSS | Polyhedral oligomeric sesquisiloxane group |
| GelMA | Methacryloyl group |
| TCS | Thio-chitosan |
| PVA | Polyvinyl alcohol |
| TEOS | Tetraethyl orthosilicate |
| OPN | Osteopontin |
| BMSCs | Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells |
| BP | Black phosphorus |
| BPNs | Black phosphorus nanosheets |
| U-Arg-PEA | Cationic arginine-based unsaturated poly(ester amide)s). |
| FTN | Fluorescent tracer nanoparticles |
| SFMA | Methacrylate-modified silk fibroin |
| SF | Silk fibroin |
| GMA | Glycidyl methacrylate |
| ICG | Indocyanine green |
| RPE | Retinal pigment epithelial |
| AMD | Age-related macular degeneration |
| ESCs | Embryonic stem cells |
| iPSCs | Induced pluripotent stem cells |
| PEG | Polyethylene glycol |
| GG | Gelling glue |
| RT-PCR | Reverse transcription PCR |
| CECs | Corneal endothelial cells |
| CPHFs | Chitosan–PEG hydrogel films |
| ADH | Adipic acid dihydrazide |
| ALD | Acid-aldehyde |
| GH | Hydrogel-nano-hydroxyapatite |
| CS | Chitosan |
| PHMB | Polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride |
| PDL | Periodontal ligament |
| PDLC | Periodontal ligament cells |
| MMP | Matrix metalloproteinase |
| ALP | Alkaline phosphatase |
| IARC | International Agency for Research on Cancer |
| ICB | Immune checkpoint blockade therapy |
| CAR-T | Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy |
| Im DCs | Immature dendritic cells |
| mDCs | Mature dendritic cells |
| CLTs | Cytotoxic T lymphocytes |
| GBM | Glioblastoma |
| STING | The interferon stimulating factor |
| TSPBA | N1-(4-boronobenzyl)-N3-(4-boronophenyl)-N1,N1,N3,N3-tetra- methylpropane-1,3-diaminium |
| AAV | Adeno-associated virus |
| rAAV | Recombinant adeno-associated virus |
| AD | Stimulator of interferon gene (STING) agonist |
| TBK1 | TANK Binding Kinase 1 |
| IRF3 | Interferon regulatory Factor 3 |
| IFNs | Type I interferons |
| DAMPs | Damage-associated molecular patterns |
| GEM | Gemcitabine |
| PDAC | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma |
| DMXAA | 5, 6-dimethylflavone-4-acetic acid |
| TME | Tumor-suppressive immune microenvironment |
| ALG | Iodine-starch-alginate |
| Pp IX | Photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX |
| TK-CHO | Thioaldehyde ketone |
| EDCI | 1-ethyl-3-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride |
| TK | Thioketal linker |
| DCC | Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide |
| DMAP | 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine |
| DOX | Doxorubicin |
| CDs | Carbon dots |
| DH | DNA CpG hydrogel |
| G/DH | Bis-(3′-5′)-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate |
| DC | Dendritic cells |
| TBI | Traumatic brain injury |
| DX | Dexamethasone |
| HA-DXM | Hyaluronic acid-dexamethasone |
| PEG-bis-AA | Poly (ethylene glycol-bis-(acryl-oxy-acetate)) |
| PLGA | Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid |
| NFs | Neurotrophins |
| BDNF | Brain-derived neurotrophic factor |
| GDNF | Glial-derived neurotrophic factor |
| MMD | Moyamoya disease |
| TIAs | Transient ischemic attacks |
| EPO | Erythropoietin |
| MSN | Mesoporous silica nanoparticle |
| CPT | Camptothecin |
| PAEU | Polyethylene glycol-poly (β-amino-ester carbamate) |