Table 3.

Summary of techniques for UWB-based IPS.

Technique	Advantages	Disadvantages	Accuracy
			(m)
RTT Ranging	- Extremely accurate	- Requires specific	0.03–0.28
[56,59,63,68,69,70],	estimates	hardware
	- Low power	- Susceptible to
	consumption	NLoS errors
	- Does not interfere	- Only available in
	with WLAN	modern smartphones
Hybrid AoA/	- Utilizes multipath	- Only available in	0.16–0.3
Ranging	components	modern smartphones
[66,67,71]	- Interference resistance