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. 2023 Oct 16;11(10):1600. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11101600

Figure 9.

Figure 9

Advantages and disadvantages of different RNA vaccine platforms. Non-amplifying IVT mRNA platform (A), self-amplifying IVT mRNA (B), trans-amplifying IVT mRNA (C), IVT circRNA (D). Green text represents advantages and red text indicates disadvantages of the RNA platform. IVT: in vitro-transcribed, IRES: internal ribosome entry sites.