Table 2.
Basic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize in vitro transcription nuclear acids [78,166,167,168,169].
| Nucleic Acid | PRR | Effects |
|---|---|---|
| ssRNA | TLR7 | Inhibition of protein translation; Synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines |
| TLR8 | Synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines | |
| NOD2 | Synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines | |
| dsRNA | TLR3 | Inhibition of protein translation; Synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines |
| RIG-I | Inhibition of protein translation; Synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines |
|
| MDA-5 | Inhibition of protein translation; Synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines |
|
| NLRP3 | Synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines | |
| PKR | Stop of translation | |
| OAS | RNA degradation | |
| CircRNA | RIG-I | Inhibition of protein translation; Synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines |
| PKR | Stop of translation | |
| dsDNA, RNA/DNA | TLR9 | Synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines |
| cGAS | Synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines | |
| AIM2 | Synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines |
Abbreviations: TLR, Toll-like receptor; NOD, nucleotide oligomerization domain; RIG, retinoic acid-inducible gene-I; MDA, melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5; NLR, nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor; PKR, RNA-dependent protein kinase; OAS, oligoadenylate synthetase; cGAS, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase; AIM2, absent in melanoma 2.