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. 2023 Oct 10;15(10):608. doi: 10.3390/toxins15100608

Table 2.

Results of hyperparameters for developed machine learning models.

Hyperparameters XGBoost LightGBM CatBoost
reg_alpha 0 4 -
reg_lambda 7 8 -
colsample_bytree 0.9 1.0 -
min_child_weight 5 1 -
eta 0.1 0.1 -
l2_leaf_reg - - 5.0
border_count - - 80
colsample_bylevel - - 0.7
bagging_temperature - - 5.8858097
min_data_in_leaf - - 2
max_depth 4 12 3
subsample 0.7 0.8 0.720713
learning_rate 0.05 0.045 0.025
n_estimators 428 574 7600