Table 1. Characteristics of the Cohort and Attending a Follow-Up Visit (N = 28 338).
| Characteristic | Proportion of discharges, % (95% CI) | Follow-up visit, adjusted risk ratio (95% CI)a | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Without follow-up visit (n = 14 862) | With follow-up visit (n = 13 476) | ||
| Year | |||
| 2018 | 30.3 (29.5-31.0) | 31.9 (31.1-32.7) | 1 [Reference] |
| 2019 | 30.2 (29.5-31.0) | 33.6 (32.8-34.4) | 0.96 (0.93-0.98) |
| 2020 | 13.1 (12.6-13.7) | 12.2 (11.6-12.7) | 0.88 (0.85-0.92) |
| 2021 | 26.4 (25.7-27.1) | 22.3 (21.6-23.0) | 0.85 (0.82-0.88) |
| Age >1 y | 40.1 (39.4-40.9) | 32.8 (32.0-33.6) | 0.83 (0.81-0.85) |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 58.7 (57.9-59.5) | 58.8 (58.0-59.7) | 1.00 (0.97 to 1.02) |
| Female | 41.3 (40.5-42.1) | 41.2 (40.3-42.0) | 1 [Reference] |
| United States Census region | |||
| Northeast | 12.4 (11.8-12.9) | 15.4 (14.8-16.0) | 1 [Reference] |
| North central | 28.8 (28.1-29.5) | 26.0 (25.2-26.7) | 0.87 (0.84-0.90) |
| South | 44.9 (44.1-45.7) | 43.5 (42.7-44.3) | 0.89 (0.86-0.92) |
| West | 13.9 (13.4-14.5) | 15.1 (14.5-15.8) | 0.98 (0.95-1.03) |
| Weekend discharge | 30.4 (29.7-31.2) | 33.4 (32.6-34.2) | 1.07 (1.05-1.10) |
| Outpatient visit for bronchiolitis within 7 d prior to the index visit | 25.0 (24.3-25.7) | 31.0 (30.2-31.8) | 1.12 (1.09-1.15) |
| No. of outpatient visits in the prior year, median (IQR) | 5 (2-8) | 5 (3-9) | 1.03 (1.02-1.03) |
| Any emergency department visit in the prior year | 32.1 (31.4-32.9) | 28.8 (28.0-29.6) | 0.90 (0.87-0.92) |
| Testing and treatment at the index visit | |||
| Viral testing | 41.1 (40.4-41.9) | 43.9 (43.0-44.7) | 1.08 (1.05-1.10) |
| Chest radiography | 40.0 (39.2-40.8) | 41.1 (40.3-42.0) | 1.02 (0.99-1.05) |
| Albuterol | 21.6 (21.0-22.3) | 24.5 (23.8-25.3) | 1.07 (1.04-1.11) |
| Corticosteroids | 9.5 (9.0-9.9) | 10.1 (9.6-10.6) | 1.02 (0.98-1.06) |
| Intravenous fluids | 3.6 (3.3-3.9) | 5.1 (4.8-5.5) | 1.15 (1.10-1.21) |
a
Adjusted risk ratios are from a multivariable Poisson regression model with robust clustered standard errors. Clustering was performed at the level of the patient.