Table 3.
Overview of established/commercially available cell lines used in vivo
| Cell line | Origin/location | Origin grade | Immortalization | Morphological characterization and traits | CHM in vivo | Genomic/cytogenetic characteristics | NoP,a | Origin paper |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IOMM-Lee | 61 yo man/Frontal, parietal | Malignant | Spontaneous—long term cultured | Intraosseous malignant meningioma Infiltrates brain tissue [20], bone and subcutaneous tissue | Vimentin + , GFAP-, S100b( +), high Ki67 (30%) [22, 44, 53, 59, 81], high MIB-1 (211.0) [20], SSTR2A + (in vitro) [148] | Nf2 + [149], chromosomal abnormalities X, − Y, − 1, add (2)(p11.2), add (5)(p13), add (6)(p13),i(7)(p10) × 2, add(9)(q21), add(12)(q21),-17, add(14)(q13), add(19), add(20), and + 2–4 mar[p20] [20] | 49 [20, 22, 24, 43–88] | Lee 1990 [22] |
| BEN-MEN-1 | 68 yo woman/Parietal, falx | Benign WHO grade 1 | hTERT | Meningothelial | EMA + , Vimentin + , GFAP-, PR-, ER-, Ki67 (< 1%) | NF2-, (45, XX,-22) [149] | 6 [21, 55, 89–92] | Püttmann et al. 2005 [21] |
| CH-157 |
41 yo woman [145], 59 yo [146], 55 yo [20]/ND |
Unknown (cell line malignant) | Spontaneous | Not tissue infiltration, but central core necrosis [20] | Vimentin + , EMA + , high MIB-1 (190.6) [20] | NF2- [149], X, add (X)(p11.2), − X, add(1)(q21), add(1)(p13), + 2, + 3, + 5, − 1, i(8)(q10) × 2, + 8, add(11)(p11.2), + 11, + 12, add(14)(p11.2), − 15, i(15)(q10), − 16, + 16, -17, − 18, + 20, − 22, + 4-9mar[cp10] [20] | 13 [6, 20, 43, 67, 72, 85, 88, 93–98] | Tsai et al. 1995 [145] |
|
KT21MG1/ KT21 |
47 yo woman/Falx | Malignant | Spontaneous c-myc amplification—long term cultured | Epithelial cell like morphology | Vimentin + , GFAP- | Heterozygote loss of Chromosome 22 | 6 [59, 61, 90, 99–101] | Tanaka et al. 1989 [100] |
| HKBMM | 52 yo woman/ | Malignant, WHO grade 3 | Spontaneous—Long term cultured | Round and spindle-shaped cells showing neoplastic and pleomorphic and abundant mitosis | Desmin + , PKK1 + , Vimentin + , EMA-, S-100- | ‘Varying widely and showed aneuploidy’ | 4 [84, 102–104] | Ishiwata et al. 2004 [104] |
| F5 | ND/ND | Malignant | ND | Invades skull and subcutaneous tissue | ND | ND | 3 [81, 106, 107] | Yazaki et al. 1995 [106] |
| NCH93 | 64 yo man/parieto-occipital | Anaplastic, Grade 3 | ND/spontaneous | Anaplastic | EMA + , 50% KI67 | NF2- | 3 [110, 111, 115] | Jungwirth et al. 2019 [110] |
| HBL52 | 47 yo woman/Optic canal | Benign grade 1 | ND/spontaneous | Transitional meningioma | In vitro: EMA + , vimentin + , GFAP-, | NF2 + , missense mutation TRA7 – no broad copy number alterations[149] | 1 [112] | Akat et al. 2003 [150] |
| MN3 | ND/ND | Recurrent Malignant WHO grade 3 | Spontaneous—Serial passages in vivo | fibroblastic meningioma “whorl formations” by spindle-shaped tumor cells. Cells with nuclear atypia | Vimentin + , EMA-, Nestin + | NF2-, missense mutation ALK, PTCH1 | 2 [113, 114] | Nigim et al. 2016 [113] |
| MN8 | ND/Ventricle | Recurrent anaplastic WHO grade 3 | Spontaneous—Serial passages in vivo | ND | Vimentin + , EMA + , high ki-67 | NF2- | 1 [114] | Nigim et al. 2019 [114] |
| SF4433 | ND/ND | Benign (Grade 1, 2000 WHO) | E6/E7 + hTERT | ND | Vimentin + | NF2 + , no chromosomal abnormalities | 2 [108, 109] | Baia et al. 2006 [147] |
| SF3061 | ND/ND | Malignant (Grade 3, 2000 WHO) | hTERT | ND | Vimentin + | NF2 + , losses: 9p24-p21; 11q23-qtel; 13q12-q21;17p | 1 [109] | Baia et al. 2006 [147] |
| KCI-MENG1-LP | 46 yo woman/Olfactory | Benign grade 1 | Spontaneous—Low passage (< 10. High telomerase activity) | Necrotic core, intermingled brain-tumor interface, heterogenous cell morphology, spindle and round cells | EMA + , N-Cadherin + , Vimentin + , PR( +), high Ki-67 | NF2 + 64–66 chromosomes, XX (two clones: Clone 1 complex, clone 2: t(2;13)(q37;q22) and t(4;7)(q21;p13) and 45, XX | 1 [105] | Michelhaugh et al. 2015 [105] |
| KCI-MENG1-HP | 46 yo woman/Olfactory | Benign grade 1 | Spontaneous—High passage (< 72) | Heterogenous cell morphology spindle and round | EMA + , N-Cadherin + , Vimentin + , PR-, very high Ki-67 | NF2 + 64–66 chromosomes, XX (clone 1 only: see above—very complex karyotype see paper) | 1 [105] | Michelhaugh et al. 2015 [105] |
| Me3TSC | ND/ND | Benign, Grade 1 | hTERT |
Spindled to epithelioid cells with monomorphic round to oval nuclei. Focal whorls and microcalcifications Nuclei displayed pleomorphism and had visible nucleoli |
Vimentin + , cytokeratin + , S-100 + , EMA-, PR-(primary EMA +) | NF2- (complex karyotype) 45,XX,t(1;5)(p?36.1;q?13),del(9) (p13,del(11)(p14);-22 | 1 [69] | Cargioli et al. 2007 [69] |
| Me10T | ND/ND | Benign, Grade 1 | hTERT | See above | Vimentin + , cytokeratin + , S-100 + , EMA-, PR- (primary EMA +) | NF2- (45,XX,-22) | 1 [69] | Cargioli et al. 2007 [69] |
ND: Not described, NoP: Number of papers using cell type for in vivo purposes, asome papers use more than one cell line, CHM in vivo: Common histological markers in vivo, yo: years old, EMA: Epithelial membrane antigen, PR: Progesterone receptor, GFAP: Glial fibrillary acidic protein, ER: Estrogen receptor