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. 2014 May 29;2014(5):CD003824. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003824.pub2

Comparison 5. Hydrochlorothiazide versus placebo.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
1 Systolic blood pressure 35 6725 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐6.94 [‐7.56, ‐6.31]
1.1 3.0 to 6.25 mg/day 8 663 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐3.56 [‐5.57, ‐1.54]
1.2 12.5 mg/day 22 2645 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐6.27 [‐7.24, ‐5.31]
1.3 25 mg/day 25 3062 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐6.00 [‐8.96, ‐7.04]
1.4 37.5 mg/day 1 40 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐7.30 [‐16.30, 1.70]
1.5 50 mg/day 2 169 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐10.47 [‐14.60, ‐6.35]
1.6 100 mg/day 2 146 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐9.91 [‐14.05, ‐5.77]
2 Diastolic blood pressure 39 7284 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐3.25 [‐3.59, ‐2.90]
2.1 3.0 to 6.25 mg/day 8 663 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐2.43 [‐3.67, ‐1.19]
2.2 12.5 mg/day 25 2877 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐3.12 [‐3.71, ‐2.53]
2.3 25 mg/day 29 3359 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐3.28 [‐3.77, ‐2.79]
2.4 37.5 mg/day 1 40 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐3.7 [‐9.26, 1.86]
2.5 50 mg/day 3 199 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐4.97 [‐6.65, ‐3.30]
2.6 100 mg/day 2 146 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐3.90 [‐6.57, ‐1.23]
3 Withdrawals due to adverse events 20 3698 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.64 [0.43, 0.93]
3.1 3.0 mg/day 1 27 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
3.2 6.0 mg/day 1 27 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
3.3 6.25 mg/day 1 259 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.09 [0.02, 0.43]
3.4 12.5 mg/day 11 1676 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.94 [0.53, 1.67]
3.5 25 mg/day 12 1645 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.60 [0.33, 1.07]
3.6 50 mg/day 1 64 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.45 [0.04, 5.26]
4 Serum potassium mmol/L 11 2036 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.22 [‐0.25, ‐0.18]
4.1 3.0 mg/day 1 27 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.03 [‐0.26, 0.32]
4.2 6.0 mg/day 1 27 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.10 [‐0.22, 0.42]
4.3 12.5 mg/day 7 1026 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.16 [‐0.21, ‐0.11]
4.4 25 mg/day 7 805 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.30 [‐0.36, ‐0.24]
4.5 50 mg/day 2 151 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.48 [‐0.68, ‐0.29]
5 Serum uric acid µmol/L 5 1043 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 32.88 [26.12, 39.65]
5.1 3.0 mg/day 1 27 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 10.40 [‐26.09, 46.89]
5.2 6.0 mg/day 1 27 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 11.5 [‐29.31, 52.31]
5.3 12.5 mg/day 5 835 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 33.00 [25.67, 40.34]
5.4 25 mg/day 2 154 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 47.15 [24.38, 69.92]
6 Serum creatinine µmol/L 3 527 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.32 [‐2.63, 3.26]
6.1 12.5 mg/day 2 258 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.57 [‐3.40, 4.55]
6.2 25 mg/day 2 269 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [‐4.38, 4.38]
6.3 50 mg/day 0 0 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
7 Serum blood glucose mmol/L 6 1041 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.12 [‐0.24, 0.01]
7.1 3.0 mg/day 1 27 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.07 [‐0.45, 0.59]
7.2 6.0 mg/day 1 27 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.18 [‐0.68, 0.32]
7.3 12.5 mg/day 4 605 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.10 [‐0.33, 0.13]
7.4 25 mg/day 3 298 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.01 [‐0.19, 0.20]
7.5 50 mg/day 1 84 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.5 [‐0.81, ‐0.19]
8 HDL cholesterol mmol/L 1 159 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.17 [‐0.53, 0.19]
8.1 3.0 mg/day 1 44 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.52 [‐1.15, 0.11]
8.2 6.0 mg/day 1 44 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.01 [‐0.68, 0.70]
8.3 12.5 mg/day 1 32 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.12 [‐1.03, 0.79]
8.4 25 mg/day 1 39 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.04 [‐0.67, 0.75]
9 Total cholesterol mmol/L 4 450 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.20 [0.17, 0.22]
9.1 3.0 mg/day 1 27 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.4 [‐0.67, ‐0.13]
9.2 6.0 mg/day 1 27 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.06 [‐1.15, 1.27]
9.3 12.5 mg/day 2 159 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.04 [‐0.34, 0.27]
9.4 25 mg/day 3 237 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.21 [0.18, 0.23]
10 Triglycerides mmol/L 2 255 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.09 [‐0.11, 0.30]
10.1 3.0 mg/day 1 27 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.03 [‐0.67, 0.73]
10.2 6.0 mg/day 1 27 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.17 [‐0.88, 0.54]
10.3 12.5 mg/day 1 28 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.11 [‐0.77, 0.55]
10.4 25 mg/day 2 173 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.16 [‐0.08, 0.40]