TABLE 1.
Strains and plasmids used and host range of mercury resistance plasmid pEC10
| Organism | Marker(s)a | Phylogenetic group | Plasmid, reference, or sourceb | pEC10 transfer frequencyc |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agrobacterium tumefaciens GMi9023 | Rp | α Proteobacteria | 22 | 0d |
| Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii R62 | Rp | IPO-DLO | 0 | |
| Alcaligenes eutrophus AE815 | Rp | β Proteobacteria | VITO | 3.4 × 10−1 |
| Burkholderia cepacia P2 | Rp | IPO-DLO | 5.6 × 10−6 | |
| Acinetobacter calcoaceticus BD413 | Rp | γ Proteobacteria | University of Amsterdam | 0 |
| Acinetobacter calcoaceticus DSM418 | Rp | DSM | 0 | |
| Escherichia coli HB101 | Tce | pSUP104 | NAf | |
| Escherichia coli Sm10 (chr::Tn5::luxAB-tet) | Tc | IPO-DLO | 0 | |
| Escherichia coli CV601 | Rp | BGA | 0 | |
| Enterobacter cloacae BE1 | Rp | IPO-DLO | 1.4 × 10−2 | |
| Pseudomonas fluorescens R2f | Rp | IPO-DLO | 1 × 10−2 | |
| Pseudomonas fluorescens R2f (chr::Tn5) | Km Sm | IPO-DLO | NA | |
| Pseudomonas fluorescens R2f | Tce | pSUP104 | 10−3 | |
| Pseudomonas putida UWC1 | Rp | University of Wales, Cardiff | 2.0 × 10−4 | |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa(pKT261) | Rp | Soil isolate | 9.1 × 10−5 | |
| Pseudomonas corrugata PD704 | Rp | PPS | 2.6 × 10−6 | |
| Pseudomonas stutzeri Rf3 | Rp | IPO-DLO | 5.5 × 10−7 | |
| Bacillus subtilis SEm-2 | Em | Gram-positive bacteria | IPO-DLO | 0 |
| Bacillus cereus FoTc30 | Tc | IPO-DLO | 0 | |
| Paenibacillus azotofixans P3L5 | Rp | IPO-DLO | 0 | |
| Arthrobacter sp. | IPO-DLO | 0 | ||
| Soil isolate F4 | Rp | Not α or γ Proteobacteria | IPO-DLO | 0 |
Resistance markers: Rp, rifampin; Tc, tetracycline; Km, kanamycin; Sm, streptomycin; Em, erythromycin.
VITO, Vlaams Instituut voor Technologische Onderzoek, Mol, Belgium; DSM, Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Braunschweig, Germany; BGA, Bundes Gesundheits Amt, Wernigerode, Germany; PPS, Plant Pathology Service, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Plasmid pEC10 was obtained in this study. The transfer frequency was the number of transconjugants per recipient following standard filter mating with Pseudomonas fluorescens R2f chr::Tn5(pEC10) as the donor. The identities of transconjugants were confirmed by colony hybridization, plasmid extraction, or pEC10-specific colony PCR.
0, plasmid transfer was not detected (the transfer frequency was less than 10−8 to 10−9 transconjugant per recipient).
Resistance is plasmid encoded.
NA, not applicable.