Table 1.

Simulation parameters used to study a hypertensive heart and reverse remodeling

Name	Parameter	Value
Geometry
Major epicardial radius	$a_{\text{epi}}$	$55\text{mm}$
Minor epicardial radius	$b_{\text{epi}}$	$30\text{mm}$
Major endocardial radius	$a_{\text{endo}}$	$46\text{mm}$
Minor endocardial radius	$b_{\text{endo}}$	$19\text{mm}$
Truncation	c	$13\text{mm}$
Epicardial fiber helix angle	${\varphi }_{\text{epi}}$	$-{60}^{\circ }$
Endocardial fiber helix angle	${\varphi }_{\text{endo}}$	${60}^{\circ }$
Material parameters
Myocytes: Fung exponential parameters	$a^{\text{m}}$	$7.6\text{J}/\text{kg}$
	$b^{\text{m}}$	11.4
Myocytes: Active muscle tone	${\sigma }_{\text{act}}^{\text{m}}$	$54\text{kPa}$
	${\lambda }_0^{\text{m}}$	0.8
	${\lambda }_{\text{max}}^{\text{m}}$	1.4
Collagen: Fung exponential parameters	$a^{\text{c}}$	$568\text{J}/\text{kg}$
	$b^{\text{c}}$	11.2
Elastin: Neo-Hookean parameter	$a^{\text{e}}$	$72\text{J}/\text{kg}$
Volumetric penalty	$\kappa$	$150\text{kPa}$
Homeostatic stretches
Myocytes: Homeostatic stretch	${\lambda }_{\text{h}}^{\text{m}}$	1.1
Collagen: Homeostatic stretch	${\lambda }_{\text{h}}^{\text{c}}$	1.062
Boundary conditions
Base spring stiffness	$c_{\text{base}}$	$2.0\text{kPa}/\text{mm}$
Pericardial spring stiffness	$c_{\text{p}}$	$0.2\text{kPa}/\text{mm}$
Baseline systolic blood pressure	p	$120\text{mmHg}$
Stage 1 systolic blood pressure	p	$140\text{mmHg}$
Stage 2 systolic blood pressure	p	$180\text{mmHg}$
Initial conditions
Total initial reference mass density	${\rho }_0(s=0)$	$1050\text{kg}/{\text{m}}^3$
Initial myocyte mass fraction	${\xi }^{\text{m}}(s=0)$	0.6
Initial collagen mass fraction	${\xi }^{\text{c}}(s=0)$	0.1
Initial elastin mass fraction	${\xi }^{\text{e}}(s=0)$	0.3
Initial inelastic remodeling stretch	${\lambda }_{\text{r}}^i(s=0)$	$\frac{1}{{\lambda }_{\text{h}}^i}$
G&R parameters
Myocyte growth gain	$k^{\text{m}}$	$0.1/T^{\text{m}}$
Myocyte sarcomere mean survival time	$T^{\text{m}}$	$10\text{days}$
Collagen growth gain	$k^{\text{c}}$	$0.1/T^{\text{c}}$
Collagen mean survival time	$T^{\text{c}}$	$15\text{days}$
Stability criteria
Homeostasis threshold	${ϵ}_{\sigma ,\text{h}}$	${10}^{-3}$

The material parameters and homeostatic stretches are adopted from Braeu et al. (2016) who modeled vascular G&R. The mean survival time of sarcomeres is estimated from Willis et al. (2009). The stiffness of the pericardial boundary conditions is taken from Pfaller et al. (2019) and initial mass fractions are estimated from volume fractions in healthy myocardium (Holzapfel and Ogden 2009). The classification of hypertension is taken from Chobanian et al. (2003)