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. 2023 Jun 17;41(11):1186–1207. doi: 10.1007/s11604-023-01447-6

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 8 — MRI for synovitis. A–D. A 1-year-old infant with painful left knee. Fat-suppressed T2-weighted (A) and water selective gradient echo sagittal images (B) showed a large pannus in the posterior fossa (circles, A, B). The articular cartilage was differentiated from the epiphyseal cartilage on both sequences. Diffusion-weighted (C) and Gd-enhanced T1-weighted sagittal images (D) showed high intensities of the synovium, indicative of active synovitis, whereas the popliteal pannus appears black and indistinguishable from joint fluid on these sequences. Vascular structures in the epiphyseal cartilage were well seen on Gd-enhanced image (arrows, D)