Figure 2: Immunofluorence labeling of VCAM-1 and CD31 expression in hippocampus after intranasal LPS or saline:

12-week-old C57B/6 mice received intranasal LPS x 3 i.n. and were sacrifice 24h after the last dose of LPS or saline. Brains were removed and processed for IF. Green (CD31⁺), red (VCAM1), blue (DAPI). Scale bar = 16μm (A). VCAM1 intensity over CD31⁺ volume quantified (B) and CD31⁺ intensity/CD31⁺ volume quantified (C). Values presented as mean ± SEM (saline n=3; 6h LPS n=4; 24h LPS n=4; 72h LPS n=4). Analyses were performed as One-way ANOVA with post-hoc analysis: p<0.05(*), p<0.01(**), p<0.001(***), p<0.0001(****).