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. 2023 Aug 5;35(11):4133–4154. doi: 10.1093/plcell/koad214

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Effects of ethylene on cell wall formation of fibers on in vitro cultured ovules of cotton. A) Ultrathin cross-sections of WT fibers by TEM. The WT ovules with fibers collected at 1 DPA were in vitro cultured with 0.1 µm ACC, 5 µm ethylene inhibitor AVG, and without ACC or AVG (CK) for 21, 25, and 30 d, respectively, and then fibers were sectioned and photographed by TEM. Scale bars = 2.0 µm. The rectangle marked at a comparable and magnified position in each fiber cell. Scale bars = 0.5 µm. B) Measurement and statistical analysis of cell wall thickness of fibers on the cultured ovules in A) (n ≥ 50, and at least 30 ovules of 20 bolls per group). C) RT-qPCR analysis of expression of GhERF108 (Gh_D08G13101) in fibers on the cultured ovules applied with ACC or AVG for 2, 8, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h, respectively. D) RT-qPCR analysis of expressions of 8 AP2/ERF genes in fibers on the cultured ovules applied with ACC or AVG for 2, 8, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h, respectively. The mean value and Sd were calculated from 3 biological replicates. Values marked with different letters indicate statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) between each group according to the Tukey HSD multiple range test. CK, ACC or AVG free treatment; ACC, treated with 0.1 µm ethylene synthesis precursor ACC; AVG, treated with 5 µm ethylene synthesis inhibitor AVG.