FIG. 5.

Induction of p21 gene and protein expression by Vpr. Cells treated with Vpr (6 μg/ml) for 3 h showed increased gene transcription (A) and protein expression (B) for p21. (C) Macrophages were treated with control supernatants from uninfected or mock-transfected cells or from 293T cells infected with the wild-type virus clone pNLAD8 or the pNLAD8 Vpr-negative (#1) or pNLAD8-delta R (#2) R5 macrophage-tropic virus, and 12-day supernatants were analyzed by p24 ELISA. (D) The total RNA was analyzed for p21 and GAPDH by PCR. The data shown are from a representative experiment (n = 2).