Transformation of immortalized rat kidney epithelial cells, RK3E. RK3E cells were transfected with 5 μg of (a) pcDNA3.1(−) (control), (b) v-mos, (c) H-ras, or (d) pCMV3ΔGP. Foci of transformed cells at day 14 after transfection are shown in panels b, c, and d. Magnification, ×100 in all panels.