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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Oct 31.
Published in final edited form as: Matrix Biol. 2016 Nov 15;62:40–57. doi: 10.1016/j.matbio.2016.11.003

Figure 5.

Figure 5.

A) Regulation of αSMA (VIC activation) gene expression by exogenous TGFβ1, its inhibitors, biomechanical strain and aging in cultured porcine aortic VICs as measured by qRT-PCR. Gene expression (on y-axis) is presented as relative log2 expression, and all data for each gene is normalized to young, static with no treatment. “None”, no treatment; “T+S”, TGFβ1 + SB431542; “T+U”, TGFβ1 + U0126; “S+U”, SB431542 + U0126; “All”, TGFβ1 + SB431542 + U0126. #, vs. none, p<0.05; *, vs. none, p<0.001; &, vs. T, p<0.001; ^, vs. young, p<0.0001; ~, vs. age-matched static, p<0.05. B) TUNEL assay for apoptosis confirmed no significant cell death in VICs cultured for up to 48 hrs in either static or dynamic conditions and with or without the inhibitor. VICs cultured on tissue culture polystyrene dishes were used as controls.