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. 2023 Mar 7;28(7):2894–2912. doi: 10.1038/s41380-023-01998-0

Table 2.

Biology of Anxiety Biomarkers. Top CFE3 ≥8 (n = 95 probesets, 82 genes).

A. KEGG Pathways Ingenuity Pathways
Term Count % P Value Top Canonical Pathways P Value Overlap

Top candidate biomarkers

(n = 95 probesets, 82 genes)

Hippo Signaling Pathway 6 7.4 1.60E-03 CREB Signaling in Neurons 4.56E-06 1.8 % 11/606
Neuroactive Ligand-receptor Interaction 8 9.9 3.40E-03 Cardiac Hypertrophy Signaling (Enhanced) 1.12E-05 1.8 % 10/542
Proteoglycans in Cancer 6 7.4 5.20E-03 Relaxin Signaling 1.23E-05 3.9 % 6/155
Rap1 Signaling Pathway 6 7.4 5.70E-03 Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer 1.57E-05 2.0 % 9/446
cAMP Signaling Pathway 6 7.4 7.10E-03 G-Protein Coupled Receptor Signaling 1.81E-05 1.6 % 11/702
B. David Ingenuity Pathways Disease

Top candidate biomarkers

(n = 95 probesets, 82 genes)

# Term Count % P Value Diseases and Disorders P Value # Molecules
1 Depression 11 13.6 5.90E-09 Neurological Disease 2.43E-04–7.96E-12 65
2 Several Psychiatric disorders 14 17.3 6.10E-09 Organismal Injury and Abnormalities 2.46E-04–7.96E-12 77
3 Alcohol consumption 10 12.3 3.10E-08 Cancer 2.45E-04–2.78E-10 77
4 Attention deficit disorder Conduct disorder Oppositional defiant disorder 7 8.6 6.60E-07 Hematological Disease 2.24E-04–2.78E-10 45
5 Tourette Syndrome 5 6.2 2.30E-06 Immunological Disease 1.64E-04–2.78E-10 49
6 Panic Disorder 6 7.4 5.20E-06
7 Bulimia 9 11.1 6.20E-06
8 Schizophrenia 14 17.3 8.40E-06
9 Tobacco Use Disorder 34 42 1.20E-05
10 Bipolar Disorder 8 9.9 1.30E-05
C.
Co-morbidity Percentile Match
Depression 83.33
Alcoholism 72.22
Stress 55.56
Schizophrenia 50.00
Bipolar 44.44
Aging 38.89
Dementia 38.89
PTSD 38.89
Suicide 38.89
Pain 27.78
Phencyclidine 27.78
Cocaine 16.67
Cannabis 11.11
Mood 11.11
ASD 5.56
Fear 5.56
Memory 5.56
Methamphetamine 5.56
Morphine 5.56
Neurological 5.56
Schizoaffective 5.56

A Pathway Analyses, B Diseases, C Psychiatric co-morbidities. C Genomic co-morbidity for Anxiety for Top Biomarkers from Table 1 (n = 19). See also table S3.