TABLE 1.

p85 is required for proper embryonic development

Stage	Viability of intercross offspringa
	α−/− β−/−		α+/− β−/−		α+/+ β−/−
	No.	Phenotype	No.	Phenotype	No.	Phenotype
E8-9	9	All embryos have subepidermal blebs flanking neural tube. Some of the blebs are filled with blood.	6	Normal	5	Normal
E9.5-11.5	12 (of those, 2 dead)	All embryos have subepidermal blebs, mostly flanking neural tube and some on branchial arches or head. Some of these structures are filled with blood. Some embryos also exhibit a wavy neural tube.	27	Normal	15	Normal
E11.5-12.5	14 (of those, 10 dead)	Alive embryos have severe facial abnormalities, such as clefted face, blebbing, and hemorrhaging. A few embryos exhibit blebs on the trunk and a wavy neural tube.	33	Normal	15	Normal
>E12.5	10 (of those, 9 dead)	Alive embryo is developmentally delayed, with a small bloody dot in the trunk.	30	Normal	12	Normal

^aShown is the viability of offspring from p85α^+/− p55α^+/− p50α^+/− p85β^−/− intercrosses. Alive embryos deficient in p85α^−/− p55α^−/− p50α^−/− p85β^−/− were detected in the expected Mendelian ratios until E11.5. Ten mutant embryos were found after E12.5. However, nine of those were already dead or resorbing. The phenotypes of p85α^−/− p55α^−/− p50α^−/− p85β^−/− embryos are also shown. The defects of the mutant embryos included subepidermal blebbing, hemorrhaging, and waviness of the neural tube. Facial abnormalities occurred after the appearance of blebs in the trunk.