JIP4 requires MKK3 and MKK6 for the potentiation of p38 MAP kinase activation. (A) Total protein extracts were prepared from wild-type MEF, Mkk3−/− MEF, Mkk6−/− MEF, and Mkk3−/− Mkk6−/− compound mutant MEF. The expression levels of MKK3, MKK6, and tubulin were examined by immunoblot analysis. (B) The effects of JIP3 and JIP4 on ASK1-stimulated p38 MAPK activity in wild-type MEF were examined by cotransfection assays. The activity of HA-tagged p38α MAP kinase was examined in an immune complex kinase assay using the substrate ATF2. (C) The effects of JIP3 and JIP4 on ASK1-stimulated p38α MAPK activity in an Mkk3−/− Mkk6−/− compound mutant MEF were examined by cotransfection assays. The activity of HA-tagged p38α MAP kinase was examined in an immune complex kinase assay using the substrate ATF2.