Table 1.
Study-level descriptive statistics (n = 60)
| N (%) | |
|---|---|
| Year published | |
| 2016 | 1 (1.8) |
| 2017 | 2 (3.5) |
| 2018 | 3 (5.3) |
| 2019 | 2 (3.5) |
| 2020 | 11 (19.3) |
| 2021 | 16 (28.1) |
| 2022 | 20 (35.1) |
| 2023 | 2 (3.5) |
| WHO regiona | |
| African | 36 (60.0) |
| Western Pacific | 7 (11.7) |
| South-East Asian | 7 (11.7) |
| Americas | 9 (15.0) |
| Eastern Mediterranean | 2 (3.3) |
| European | 2 (3.3) |
| Study settinga | |
| Healthcare | 52 (86.7) |
| Community | 11 (18.3) |
| Policy | 4 (6.7) |
| Target health condition | |
| Cancer | 1 (1.7) |
| Chronic non-communicable disease | 7 (11.7) |
| General | 9 (15.0) |
| Infectious disease | 19 (31.7) |
| Maternal and child health | 10 (16.7) |
| Mental health and substance use | 10 (16.7) |
| None | 2 (3.3) |
| Sexual and reproductive health | 2 (3.3) |
| Study type | |
| Protocol | 17 (28.3) |
| Empirical | 43 (71.7) |
| Study populationa | |
| Patients | 31 (51.7) |
| Providers | 43 (71.7) |
| Policymakers | 14 (23.3) |
| Community members | 8 (13.3) |
| Researchers | 6 (10.0) |
| Process evaluation or formative study designa | |
| Formative implementation strategy design | 17 (28.3) |
| Formative strategy design and prospective process evaluation | 2 (3.3) |
| Prospective process evaluation | 20 (33.3) |
| Retrospective strategy specification | 9 (15.0) |
| Retrospective process evaluation | 3 (5.0) |
| None | 9 (15.0) |
| Impact evaluation study design | |
| Cluster RCT | 9 (15.0) |
| Individual RCT | 2 (3.3) |
| QE without control | 13 (21.7) |
| QE with control | 6 (10.0) |
| Prospective cohort | 5 (8.3) |
| Retrospective cohort | 1 (1.7) |
| None | 24 (40.0) |
| IndePENDENT VARIABLE | |
| No Comparison | 33 (0.55) |
| Intervention | 13 (21.7) |
| Implementation strategy | 14 (23.3) |
| Context | 0 |
| Implementation research theory or framework useda | |
| Determinants | 36 (60.0) |
| Process | 7 (11.7) |
| Evaluation | 24 (40.0) |
| Implementation outcomes measureda | |
| Acceptability | 27 (45.0) |
| Adoption | 29 (48.3) |
| Appropriateness | 16 (26.7) |
| Cost | 16 (26.7) |
| Feasibility | 16 (26.7) |
| Fidelity | 26 (43.3) |
| Penetration | 19 (31.7) |
| Sustainability | 17 (28.3) |
| Health outcomes measured | 25 (41.7) |
RCT Randomized control trial, QE Quasi-experimental
a ≥ 1 response per study possible