Table 2.
Summary of mediation and moderation effects
| Mediation pathway | bp | β | SE | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| a path: SMU (Wave 3)→IP (Wave 4) | 0.061** | 0.041** | 0.022 | [0.019, 0.104] |
| b path: IP (Wave 4)→EC (Wave 5) | 0.029** | 0.058** | 0.010 | [0.009, 0.048] |
| a*b path: SMU (Wave 3)→IP (Wave 4)→EC (Wave 5) | 0.002* | 0.002* | 0.001 | [0.000, 0.004] |
| d path: SMU (Wave 3)→EC (Wave 5) | 0.052*** | 0.070*** | 0.012 | [0.027, 0.076] |
| Moderation pathway | ||||
| IPxAP (Wave 4)→b path | − 0.088* | − 0.153* | 0.038 | [-0.162, − 0.015] |
*p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001
bp: percentage coefficients; β: Standardized beta; CI stands for confidence interval. SMU: social media use; IP: internalizing problems; EC: e-cigarette use in last 30 days; AP: academic performance
All model controlling for age, gender, race, household income, self-reported physical health, self-reported mental health, family secondhand smoke exposure in Wave 3; internalizing problems in Wave 3; current e-cigarette use in Wave 3 and Wave 4