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. 2023 Oct 2;55(10):2190–2204. doi: 10.1038/s12276-023-01089-8

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a Optical transparency of the mouse tibia achieved with the Bone-CLARITY. b Optical transparency of the mouse femur using bone clearing with 10% SDC. c Schematic representation of the optimized Bone-mPACT+ method. d, e Comparison of optical transparency of the mouse forelimb bones (radius-ulna and humerus) achieved with the Bone-mPACT+ using Calci-Clear Rapid, 5% nitric acid, 10% formic acid, and 20% EDTA. f, g Comparison of optical transparency of the mouse hindlimb bones (femur, tibia-fibula, and foot) with Bone-mPACT+ protocols using Calci-Clear Rapid and 20% EDTA. h Comparison of the optical transparency of the mouse skulls (containing the brain) achieved with the Bone-PACT+ protocol using 20% EDTA, Calci-Clear Rapid, and 5% nitric acid.