Table 2.
AIH in treated MS
| Author | Country | Number of patients | Age (years) | Gender | Autoantibodies | Liver biopsy | MS treatment | Previous MS treatment | AIH treatment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kowalec et al. [73] | Canada | 1 | 42 | F | ANA | No | IFNβ | – | – |
| Corrieri-baizeau et al. [74] | France | 2 |
56 (patient 1) 43 (patient 2) |
F (patient 1) M (patient2) |
ANA | Yes | Not reported | – |
Corticosteroids (patient 1) Corticosteroids + azathioprine (patient 2) |
| Ferrò et al. [75] | Italy | 1 | 19 | F | ASMA | Yes | MP | – |
MP Prednisone |
| Rigopoulou et al. [64] | Greece | 13 | n.a | n.a | n.a | Yes | Steroids ± IFNβ | – |
Azathioprine Mycophenolate Mofetil Prednisolone |
| Nociti et al. [76] | Italy | 3 |
24 (patient 1) 19 (patient 2) 59 (patient 3) |
F |
ANA + ASMA (patient 1) ASMA (patient 2) Negative (patient 3) |
Yes | MP | – |
Azathioprine Budesonide UDCA |
| Oliveira et al. [77] | Portugal | 1 | 33 | F | ANA | yes |
MP Cyclophosphamide Glatiramer |
– | MP |
| Farkas et al. [65] | US | 1 | 40 | F | ANA | Yes |
Glatiramer IFNβ |
– |
Steroids Azathioprine |
| Kimura et al. [78] | Japan | 1 | 49 | F | negative | Yes | MP | – | |
| Villamil et al. [79] | Argentina | 2 |
20 (patient 1) 47 (patient 2) |
F |
ANA + ASMA (patient 1) ANA (patient 2) |
yes |
MP + IFNβ (patient 1) IFNβ (patient 2) |
– | Prednisone azathioprine |
| Sayin [80] | Turkey | 3 |
36 (patient 1) 38 (patient 2) 45 (patient 3) |
F | Negative | Yes | IFNβ | – |
Steroids Azathioprine |
| Yamaguchi [81] | Japan | 1 | 44 | M | Negative | yeS | MP + IFNβ | Prednisolone | |
| Pulicken et al. [82] | US | 1 | 43 | F |
ANA ASMA |
Yes | IFNβ | – |
MP Prednisone Azathioprine Mycophenolate Mofetil |
| El Sankari et al. [83] | Belgium | 1 | 25 | F |
ANA ASMA ANCA |
Yes | Alemtuzumab | – |
Prednisolone Azathioprine |
| Martinez-Lapiscina et al. [84] | Spain | 1 | 51 | F | ASMA | Yes | Natalizumab | IFNβ | MP |
| Carlson et al. [85] | US | 1 | 33 | F | Not reported | Yes | Alemtuzumab | Fingolimod | Prednisone |
| Bolte et al. [86] | Germany | 1 | 36 | F |
ANA ASMA |
Yes | Alemtuzumab | interferon, natalizumab, glatiramer dimethyl fumarate |
Prednisone Mycophenolate Mofetil Cyclosporine A |
| Canham et al. [87] | UK | 1 | 43 | F | Anti-LKM1 | Yes | Alemtuzumab | – |
Prednisolone Azathioprine |
| Arruti et al. [88] | Spain | 1 | n.a | n.a | n.a | n.a | glatiramer | n.a | n.a |
| Takahashi et al. [89] | Japan | 1 | 43 | F | negative | Yes | MP + IFNβ | – |
Prednisolone UDCA |
| Neumann et al. [90] | Germany | 1 | 71 | M | ANA | Yes | glatiramer | IFNβ |
Budesonide Mycophenolate Mofetil |
| Lisotti et al. [91] | Italy | 1 | 31 | F | ANA | No | natalizumab | IFNβ |
MP Azathioprine |
| Kalafateli et al. [92] | Greece | 1 | 57 | F |
ANA ASMA Anti-LKM3 Anti-SLA/LP |
Yes | IFNβ | – |
Prednisolone Azathioprine |
| Holmøy et al. [93] |
Eudra Vigilance |
1 | n.a | F | n.a | n.a | n.a | n.a | n.a |
| Antezana et al. [94] | US | 1 | 26 | F | ASMA | Yes | Natalizumab | Steroids | – |
MP methylprednisolone; n.a. not available