Table 3.

Most emerging themes and topics per tool.

Tools and category		Most emerging theme (number of publications)
Conventional CDSa (n=5)
	Positive experience	Feeling confident (n=2) Feeling satisfied (n=2)
	Negative experience	Feeling disrupted (n=2)
	Positive moderator	Sufficient workflow integration (n=5) Sufficient training (n=4)
	Negative moderator	Unfavorable organizational structure (n=3) Unfavorable social pressure (n=3)
	Positive outcome	Improved quality of patient care (n=4) Increased workflow efficiency (n=3)
	Negative outcome	Information missing or outdated (n=4) Workload gain (n=3)
AIb-based CDS (n=5)
	Positive experience	Feeling confident (n=2) Feeling grateful (n=2) Feeling responsible (n=2)
	Negative experience	Feeling frightened (n=2)
	Positive moderator	Sufficient training (n=4) Perception of support (n=3) Trust in tool (n=3)
	Negative moderator	Unfavorable organizational structure (n=2) Lack of training (n=2) Lack of tailored design (n=2) Distrust (n=2)
	Positive outcome	Fostering critical thinking (n=3)
	Negative outcome	Workload gain (n=4) Patient care suboptimal (n=3)
EHRc (n=6)
	Positive experience	Feeling confident (n=4) Feeling satisfied (n=3)
	Negative experience	Feeling frustrated (n=5) Feeling overwhelmed (n=4)
	Positive moderator	Sufficient workflow integration (n=4) Sufficient training (n=4) Favorable organizational structure (n=4)
	Negative moderator	Unfavorable organizational structure (n=4) Lack of training (n=4) Insufficient workstation setup (n=4) User interface design insufficient (n=4)
	Positive outcome	Better information availability (n=6) Improved quality of patient care (n=5) Increased workflow efficiency (n=5)
	Negative outcome	Workload gain (n=5)

^aCDS: clinical decision support.

^bAI: artificial intelligence.

^cEHR: electronic health record.