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Univariate meta-regression analysis of factors affecting heterogeneity
| Coefficient (95% CI) | p-value | Heterogeneity accounted (R2) | |
| Mean age | 1.005 (0.978–1.032) | 0.72 | 0.0% |
| Percentage female | 0.977 (0.965–0.990) | <0.001 | 100.0% |
| Percentage current smokers | 1.006 (1.001–1.012) | 0.03 | 59.1% |
| Mean/median pack-years | 1.011 (1.005–1.018) | <0.001 | 100.0% |
| BMI | 0.969 (0.869–1.079) | 0.56 | 0.0% |
BMI: body mass index.
