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. 2023 Oct 23;8(20):e171548. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.171548

Figure 2. Circadian rhythm transcriptional networks include antiviral genes in mammalian skin.

Figure 2

(A and B) Line plots showing rhythmic expression of circadian factors and AVP genes in (A) murine skins (GSE38625) and (B) baboon skins (GSE98965). Heatmaps including additional genes can be found in Supplemental Figure 3. (C) qRT-PCR of Oas1a and Oas2 in intact skin of Bmal1–/– mice and WT littermates. (n = 3 mice/group, with technical triplicates per mouse). Graphs represent averages of relative mRNA ± SEM with GAPDH used for internal control. (D) Immunostaining for OAS1a (purple) in WT and Bmal1–/– skin. Nuclei are stained blue. Scale bar: 25 μm. (E) qRT-PCR of Oas1a and Ifitm1 in intact belly skin of ClockΔ19 mice and BALB/C WT littermates harvested at 5 am (AM wound) or 5 pm (PM wound). (F) qRT-PCR of Oas1 and Ifitm1 in skin wounds of C57BL/6 inflicted at times indicated and harvested 24 hours later (n = 4 mice/group). For Ifitm1, P = 0.0725. (G) qRT-PCR of Oas1a and Ifitm1 in skin wounds of ClockΔ19 mice and BALB/C WT littermates inflicted at the indicated time and harvested 24 hours later. (E and G) n = 3 mice/group with technical triplicates, except WT pm time group, which used 2 mice. P values reported in this figure were obtained via 2-tailed Student’s t test. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01. FPKM, fragments per kilobase of transcript per million mapped reads.