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. 2023 Nov 1;18(11):e0291355. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291355

Table 2. Estimated difference (β and 95% confidence intervals) on pre-post physiological changes of stress reaction in the biophilic interventions compared to those in the control non-biophilic scene.

Physiological Indicators Indoor Green Outdoor Green Turbid Outdoor Green Combination
ΔSystolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) 0.25 -0.33 0.89 0.74
(-1.62, 2.12) (-2.94, 2.28) (-1.25, 3.03) (-1.64, 3.12)
ΔDiastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) 1.41 1.52 1.85 0.33
(-0.86, 3.68) (-0.59, 3.63) (-0.38, 4.08) (-1.89, 2.55)
ΔMean Heart Rate (bpm) -0.56 -1.27 0.31 0.27
(-2.29, 1.17) (-3.24, 0.71) (-0.94, 1.57) (-1.38, 1.92)
ΔRMSSD (ms) -1.75 -1.24 0.5 0.64
(-6.16, 2.67) (-5.16, 2.67) (-2.30, 3.31) (-3.73, 5.01)
Δln(RMSSD) (no unit) -0.02 -0.03 0.01 0.01
(-0.10, 0.06) (-0.12, 0.07) (-0.05, 0.07) (-0.08, 0.10)
ΔMean Skin Conductance Level (mS) 0.11 0.06 0.1 -0.06
(-0.10, 0.33) (-0.06, 0.18) (-0.10, 0.30) (-0.24, 0.13)