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. 2023 Oct 18;623(7985):157–166. doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06623-2

Fig. 6. A model for CAN-3110 action as a function of HSV1 serology.

Fig. 6

In patients who are seropositive for HSV1, CAN-3110 elicits an initial augmented anti-HSV1 innate and T cell-mediated response (presumably by expansion and differentiation of memory into effector anti-HSV1 T cells) to clear the injected oHSV from tumours. This bystander T cell effect possibly mediates an effective antitumour effect by direct inflammation in the tumour and/or by stimulating ‘antigen spreading’ to also elicit T cell recognition of tumour antigens. In patients who are seronegative for HSV1, the absence of a rapid anti-HSV1 innate and T cell response leads to CAN-3110 replicative persistence with tumour growth overcoming viral-induced cytotoxicity and delayed immune activity against tumour antigens. The figure was generated using BioRender.com.