Table 4.

Analysis of CF prevalence in patients with diabetes in China.

Outcomes	Included studies	Heterogeneity test results		Meta-analysis results
		I2	p value	Prevalence	(95%CI)
Cognitive frailty	18	96.40%	<0.001	0.258	19.7–31.9%
Sample source
Hospital	12	96.70%	<0.001	0.311	22.6–39.6%
Community	6	90.30%	<0.001	0.258	19.7–31.9%
Sex
Male	11	94.60%	<0.001	0.232	15.1–31.3%
Female	11	94.50%	<0.001	0.267	18.3–35.1%
Hospital male	8	94.50%	<0.001	0.267	1.66–3.69%
Hospital female	8	94.30%	<0.001	0.295	4.11–5.89%
Community male	3	92.30%	<0.001	0.139	0.24–2.55%
Community female	3	94.30%	<0.001	0.192	0.42–3.42%
Region
North	10	96.90%	<0.001	0.294	2.01–3.87%
South	8	95.80%	<0.001	0.216	1.32–3.00%
North China hospital	8	97.40%	<0.001	0.312	1.99–4.25%
South China hospital	4	92.70%	<0.001	0.310	2.04–4.16%
Age
≥60	16	95.80%	<0.001	0.244	1.85–3.03%
60 ~ 69	7	88.50%	<0.001	0.147	0.90–2.05%
70 ~ 79	8	91.30%	<0.001	0.322	1.99–4.45%
≥80	8	85.80%	<0.001	0.573	4.04–7.43%
Educational level
≤Primary school	9	95.50%	<0.001	0.445	2.76–6.13%
Junior high school	8	72.00%	0.001	0.272	1.77–3.68%
High school	8	69.10%	0.002	0.218	1.13–3.24%
≥College	9	0.00%	0.472	0.069	0.15–1.22%
Course
1 ~ 9	7	96.60%	<0.001	0.261	1.37–3.86%
≥10	8	90.40%	<0.001	0.362	2.29–4.94%
Coexisting chronic conditions
0 ~ 1	6	96.90%	<0.001	0.217	0.82–3.51%
≥2	6	87.60%	<0.001	0.315	1.86–4.43%
Depression	9	95.50%	<0.001	0.414	2.55–5.72%
Malnutrition	6	92.90%	<0.001	0.39	2.39–5.40%