Table 2.
Summary of animal hosts for RVFV.
| Order | Family | Detection method | Location | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rodent | Muridae | HI | Zimbabwe, Egypt, Egypt | (41, 45, 48) |
| VNT | Senegal | (43) | ||
| ELISA | Egypt, South Africa | (42, 44) | ||
| PCR | Egypt | (46) | ||
| Sciuridae | VNT | Senegal | (43) | |
| Ruminantia | Bovidae | HI | South Africa | (52) |
| VNT | Kenya | (50) | ||
| ELISA | Tanzania, Cameroon, Tunisia, Cameroon | (54, 55, 59) | ||
| PCR | Egypt, Rwanda, Cameroon | (51, 54, 57) | ||
| Caprinae | Virus Isolation | East Africa | (1) | |
| ELISA | Tunisia, Tanzania, Cameroon, Iran, Iraqi, Saudi Arabia | (53–55, 60–62) | ||
| VNT | Mozambique, Senegal, Uganda, Yemen | (56) | ||
| PCR | Zambia, Uganda, Cameroon, The Democratic Republic of the Congo | (54, 63–65) | ||
| Camelidae | ELISA | Kenya | (49) | |
| Virus Isolation | Egypt | (58) | ||
| Mammalia | Suidae | VNT | South Africa | (66) |
| Elephantidae | VNT | Kenya | (50) | |
| Vespertilionidae | Virus isolation | Guinea | (67) | |
| PCR | Egypt | (68) | ||
| Equidae | VNT | Kenya | (50) | |
| Virus isolation | Egypt | (58) | ||
| Rhinoceros | HI | Zimbabwe | (69) | |
| VNT | Kenya | (50) | ||
| Non-human primates | Cercopithecidae | / | Ghana to Angola | (70) |
| Chimpanzee | / | Disjunct distribution in western and central Africa | (70) |
HI, hemagglutination inhibition; VNT, virus neutralization test; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; PCR, polymerase chain reaction.