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. 2023 Aug 28;36(11):1619–1631. doi: 10.5713/ab.23.0206

Table 3.

The effects of dietary fiber on reproductive performance of gestating sows1)

Main source n Fiber composition in diet2) (%) Feeding period Δ Litter size3), No./Litter Δ Litter weight3) (kg) Δ FI3),4) (kg/d in lactation) References
Control Treatment
TDF SDF IDF TDF SDF IDF Total born Still born Born alive Weaned At birth Weaned
Soybean hulls 64 8.89 1.59 7.30 23.41 2.95 20.45 Gestating period 0.00 - 0.22 0.48 −0.65 0.66 0.24 [97]5)
Oat bran 124 9.21 1.55 7.66 11.07 3.19 7.88 Gestating period −0.20 - 0.10 −0.10 −0.30 −0.49 −0.20 [87]
Wheat straw 119 16.75 1.40 15.35 0.10 - 0.10 −0.20 0.15 −1.12 0.00
Soybean hulls 131 23.29 3.00 20.29 −0.30 - 0.10 0.00 −0.42 −0.99 0.50*
Wheat straw 162 1.60 8.62 5.39 18.41 1.45 16.95 Gestating period6) (3 reproductive cycle) - −0.05 0.31* 0.25 - 1.48 0.34* [98]5)
111 - −0.13 0.61* 0.92 - 8.48* 0.35*
86 - −0.10 0.63* 1.01 - 0.84 0.35*
Soybean hulls 15 13.3 1.90 11.4 23.44 2.80 20.60 d 90 of gestation to farrowing 0.10 - 0.30 0.50 0.50 1.10 0.10 [44]
Konjac flour and Wheat bran 28 20.5 2.30 18.2 49.93 4.00 45.93 Gestating period 0.25 - 0.26 0.18 0.66 6.12* - [19]5)
Konjac flour 23 23.3 2.51 20.8 24.64 3.78 20.86 Gestating period 6) (2 reproductive cycle) 0.40 - 0.20 0.30 0.10 0.50 0.30* [89]5)
Sugar beet pulp 23 24.69 3.70 20.99 0.20 - −0.30 0.20 −0.70 0.9 0.10
Konjac flour 23 24.64 3.78 20.86 −0.20 - 0.30 1.00* 0.30 13.0* 0.90*
Sugar beet pulp 23 24.69 3.70 20.99 0.30 - 0.88 0.40 0.60 3.40 0.20
Rice bran Soybean hulls 11 15.6 5.00 10.6 22.30 5.40 16.90 d 73 of gestation to farrowing −0.50 −0.40 −1.00 - −1.40 3.50* 0.20 [45]
11 28.20 7.50 20.70 −1.20 −0.40 −0.20 - −0.30 3.80* 0.00
Oat straw 30 20.1 2.70 17.4 25.58 2.55 23.03 d 86 of gestation to farrowing - −0.39 0.70 0.50 - 5.26* 0.45* [52]
30 25.73 2.50 23.23 - −0.83 0.50 0.70 - 10.9* 0.45*
Wheat straw 30 26.00 2.60 23.40 - −0.15 0.40 0.50 - 3.31 −0.13
30 25.54 2.50 23.04 - −0.70 −0.10 0.40 - 2.26 0.11
Wheat bran 15 11.4 1.39 9.98 21.81 1.86 19.95 d 107 gestating to weaning −0.07 −0.40 0.37 0.54 0.76 5.74 0.36* [9]5),8)
Sugar beet pulp 15 21.60 4.06 17.54 −0.20 −0.26 0.10 0.34 0.42 7.45* 0.68*
Inulin 22 26.6 3.63 23.0 27.06 4.34 22.72 d 80 of gestation to farrowing 0.23 0.40 0.40 0.41 1.55 10.94* 1.084* [46]
22 27.51 5.05 22.46 −0.36 0.31 0.28 0.71 3.25 14.68* 1.238*
22 27.98 5.77 22.21 −0.05 0.22 0.22 0.82* 0.70 5.08 0.562
Wheat bran 20 17.5 1.92 15.6 32.90 3.22 29.68 d 90 of gestation to farrowing 0.82 0.06 0.5 0.66 1.11 3.86 −0.19 [70]5)
20 33.50 5.06 28.44 0.08 0.47 −0.53 −0.67 0.22 −8.35 −0.15
Wheat bran and fiber mix 35 12.5 1.57 10.9 17.35 2.02 15.33 Gestating period 0.80 - 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.20 0.33 [93]
35 17.72 2.16 15.56 0.90 - 0.80 0.40 0.90 3.7 0.50*
35 18.08 2.29 15.79 1.20 - 0.70 −0.20 1.20 2.2 0.59*
35 18.43 2.42 16.01 1.00 - 1.10 −0.20 1.70 1.2 0.26
35 18.80 2.56 16.24 1.90 - 1.80 −0.20 1.90 −0.9 0.46*
Wheat bran 12 9.75 1.58 8.17 22.15 2.40 19.75 Gestating period 0.54 - −0.79 −0.37 - - - [95]5)
Inulin and Cellulose 14 10.24 1.10 9.14 25.47 2.77 22.70 Gestating period6) (3 reproductive cycle) −0.02 - −0.07 −0.53 0.62 −1.61 0.55* [10]
13 2.11* - 2.00* 0.27* 4.11* 7.38* 0.51*
11 1.10* - 1.80* 0.55* 3.39* 13.9* 0.31*
Alfalfa meal 16 18.06 2.12 15.94 24.98 2.23 22.74 d 60 of gestation to farrowing −0.98 - −0.67 −0.02 −0.32 6.40 1.01* [37]
Sugar beet pulp 16 30.43 2.54 27.90 −2.67 - −2.56 −0.01 −2.8 3.48 0.05
Soybean hulls 16 34.15 2.59 31.86 0.00 - −0.11 −0.01 0.91 −0.23 −0.09
Maximum 26.6 5.00 23.0 49.9 7.50 45.9 2.11 0.47 2.00 1.01 4.11 14.7 1.24
Minimum 8.89 1.10 7.30 11.1 1.40 7.88 −2.67 −0.83 −2.56 −0.67 −2.80 −8.35 −0.20
Weighted average7) 11.6 1.27 7.25 21.5 2.60 18.9 0.10 −0.05 0.31 0.27 0.22 2.49 0.29
1)

Asterisk sign (*) represent the significant difference at p<0.05.

2)

TDF, total dietary fiber; SDF, soluble dietary fiber; IDF, insoluble dietary fiber.

3)

The increase or decrease in litter size, litter weight and feed intake measured in dietary fiber groups relative to the control group.

4)

FI, feed intake.

5)

The fiber composition in diet is calculated value based on previous study [9,12,19,52,76,96].

6)

Each row represents reproductive performance of each reproductive cycle.

7)

Weighted average according to replications per treatments.

8)

Dietary fiber composition of lactation diet; the control, wheat bran, and sugar beet pulp diets contained 11.8%, 16.8%, and 16.9% total dietary fiber, 1.43%, 2.72%, and 1.70% soluble dietary fiber, and 10.4%, 14.1%, and 15.2% insoluble dietary fiber, respectively.