A: Shame group (saline, 14 d); B: Model group (saline, 14 d); C: Nimodiping group (8.1 mg/kg, 14 d); D: Naoluoxintong group (7.2 g/kg, 14 d); E: Yiqi group (2.7 g/kg, 14 d); F: Huoxuetongluo group (4.5 mg/kg, 14 d). GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Tie2: angiopoietin receptor 2; P38MAPK: P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase.