Fig. 6.

Clozapine promotes mitochondrial ROS formation and dysfunction in SW872 cells.

Confluent SW872 cells were induced to differentiate for 3 days with or without CLZ. (A) % of MitoSOX-red positive cells (B) Statistical analysis of total MitoSOX-red fluorescence intensity. (C) Western immunoblotting analysis of Trx-2 expression. Actin was used as loading control. (D) Reduced, partially oxidized, and fully oxidized Trx-2 thiol groups. The redox state of Trx-2 was determined by urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under non reducing conditions. Data are expressed as % of T3. (E) NAO analysis. (F) Representative micrographs of mitochondrial network and structural integrity. Images were obtained by confocal microscopy. Magnification 60X; scale bars represent 10 μm. T3 CTR received DMSO alone. Data in the panels B, C and E are expressed in % respect to T0 condition. Results represent the means ± SEM calculated from at least three independent determinations. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, as compared to T0; (*)p < 0.05, (**)p < 0.01, as compared to T3 (one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's test). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)