Fig. 8.

LYPD3 positively correlates with myeloid immunosuppressive marker S100A9. A In TCGA-SKCM, LYPD3 levels were weakly negatively correlated with CD8 + T cell infiltration abundance. B, C In C2 (C), the level of LYPD3 was significantly negatively correlated with the number of CD8 + T cells compared to in C1 (B). Green represents negative correlation and red represents positive correlation. D Boxplot indicating the infiltration level of immune cells in different catenin phenotypes in the TCGA-SKCM database. Wilcoxon test was conducted. E Boxplot showing different LYPD3 expression between pre-therapy and post-therapy in 24 melanoma patients studied by Tavi Nathanson et al. F Boxplot showing different LYPD3 expression between responder and non-responder after anti-CTLA4 treatment in 24 melanoma patients studied by Tavi Nathanson et al. Wilcoxon test was conducted. G Kaplan–Meier plot showing different overall survival outcomes between high and low LYPD3 patient groups in all patients by using data from Tavi Nathanson et al. Logrank test was applied. H Correlation between LYPD3 level and T cell dysfunction score in data of Tavi Nathanson et al. Spearman method was used. I UMAP plot showing cell types identified by using single-cell RNA-seq dataset GSE120575. J–K Distribution of LYPD3 expression in different myeloid cell clusters and LYPD3 was co-expressed with S100A9. (L-M) UMAP plot (L) and histogram (M) showing that myeloid cells were highly enriched in non-responder patients. N Histogram showing the proportional expression values of LYPD3 in myeloid cells of responder (0%) and non-responder (6.18%) patients. O–P Trajectory analysis of myeloid cells and cellular LYPD3 expression profiles in a two-dimensional space. Each point represents an individual cell, coloured by cell type. The solid black line indicates the main diameter path of the minimum spanning tree (MST). Q Spearman Correlation between levels of LYPD3 and S100A9 in TCGA-SKCM (left) and merged GEO (mGEO, right) cohort. R Left: Immunohistochemical (IHC) images of high/low protein expression of LYPD3 and S100A9. Scale bars: 100 µM. Right: Quantifications of LYPD3 and S10A9 IHC staining (H-score) in melanoma cohort (n = 30) showing the positive association between LYPD3 and S100A9 (R = 0.723, P < 0.001). S The IF staining for LYPD3 and S100A9 in sections derived from melanoma biopsies. Scale bar, 50 µM. T The co-localization correlation between LYPD3 and S100A9 was estimated by calculating co-localization coefficients using IamgeJ software. Greater correlation coefficients represent a greater degree of co-localization (Person R = 0.7423, P < 0.0001). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001