Table 2.

Mappers’ Difficulties and/or Burden during Mapping.

Difficult items encountered during mapping
1. Difficulty about operational rules
BCC	① Choose higher potential BCCs when 2 or more occur in one time frame
	② Keep track of time accurately to record the BCC of longest duration
	③ Record the BCC with the most extreme ME value, if ① and ② are the same
	④ Record the BCC of latter part of time frame, if ① through ③ are the same
ME	⑤ Choose from limited ME values properly for [B C N U W]
	⑥ Allocate ME value properly from M and E values based on the 3 rules
	⑦ Keep track of time accurately to choose the predominating ME value
Other	⑧ Mark “*” in the sixth time frame when uninterrupted negative ME continues
	⑨ UNME (uninterrupted negative ME) is not interrupted by [N]
2. Difficulty about observation and recording
Timekeeping	⑩ Keep track of time accurately to recognize time frame every 5-minute interval
Recording	⑪ Do not overlook observing when recording time frame results every 5 minutes
	⑫ Decide representative BCC correctly when various BCCs occur continuously
	⑬ Decide representative ME correctly when M and E change continuously
Taking notes	⑭ Take notes at the right moment, do not lose the chance to take notes
	⑮ Make easy-to-read notes; time and timing, order of occurrence, duration, and so on
Correction	⑯ Correct and/or add codes or notes during mapping
	⑰Correct data/info on raw data sheet for report writing after mapping

Abbreviations: BCC, behavior category code; ME, mood and engagement.