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. 2023 Nov 3;13:19024. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-46487-0

Table 2.

Pre-experimental characteristics of soil and vegetable wastes biochar and irrigation.

Soil Values Biochar Values Irrigation Values
pH 8.26 pH 8.21 pH 6.94
ECe (dS/m) 3.11 ECe (dS/m) 3.05 EC (µS/cm) 471
SOC (%) 0.65 Volatile matter (%) 25 Carbonates (meq./L) 0.00
TN (%) 0.04 Fixed carbon (%) 45 Bicarbonates (meq./L) 4.11
EP (mg/kg) 9.87 TN (%) 0.07 Chloride (meq./L) 0.10
AK (mg/kg) 139 TP (%) 0.19 Ca+Mg (meq./L) 2.99
Sand (%) 25 TK (%) 0.33 Sodium (mg/L) 123
Silt (%) 40 TCd (µg/g) 0.09
Clay (%) 35 Particle size  < 2 mm
Texture Clay loam

EC electrical conductivity, TN total nitrogen, EP extractable phosphorus, AK.available potassium,TP total phosphorus, TCd total cadmium.