Table 3.
Comparison of complications between the experimental and control groups (N=74).
| Complications | Control group (n=37), n (%) | Experimental group (n=37), n (%) | Chi-square (df) | P value |
| Complication of any type (n=24) | 19 (51) | 5 (14) | 12.09 (1) | .001 |
| Infection | 7 (19) | 3 (8) | 1.85 (1) | .17 |
| Leakage | 15 (41) | 2 (5) | 12.91 (1) | .001 |
| Migration | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | —a | >.99 |
| Pneumonia | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | —a | >.99 |
| Granulation | 3 (8) | 0 (0) | —a | >.99 |
| Bleeding | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | —a | >.99 |
| Admission to the emergency department (3 days) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | —a | >.99 |
| Hospital readmission (14 days) | 2 (5) | 2 (5) | —a | >.99 |
aNot applicable because Fisher exact tests were conducted.