Table 5.
Pathway enrichment analysis of metabolites associated QIA-predominant versus emphysema-predominant phenotypes from multinomial regression
| Pathway* | Total in pathway | Hits | FDR p-value |
Pathway impact value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism | 15 | 2 | Aspartate; Quinolinate | 2.71E−05 | 0 |
| Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis | 48 | 5 |
Asparagine; Phenylalanine; Aspartate; Proline; Glutamate |
2.71E−05 | 0 |
| Arginine and proline metabolism | 38 | 2 | Proline; Glutamate | 2.71E−05 | 0.164 |
| Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism | 28 | 4 |
Aspartate; Asparagine; Glutamate; 2-Oxoglutaramate |
2.71E−05 | 0.421 |
| Arginine biosynthesis | 14 | 3 |
Glutamate; Citrulline; Aspartate |
2.71E−05 | 0.345 |
| Pentose and glucuronate interconversions | 18 | 2 | Gulonate; D-Xylose | 2.71E−05 | 0.156 |
| D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism | 6 | 1 | Glutamate | 2.71E−05 | 0.500 |
| Glutathione metabolism | 28 | 1 | Glutamate | 2.71E−05 | 0.020 |
| Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism | 32 | 1 | Glutamate | 2.71E−05 | 0 |
| Butanoate metabolism | 15 | 1 | Glutamate | 2.71E−05 | 0 |
| Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism | 30 | 1 | Glutamate | 2.71E−05 | 0 |
| Nitrogen metabolism | 6 | 1 | Glutamate | 2.71E−05 | 0 |
| Histidine metabolism | 16 | 2 | Glutamate; Aspartate | 2.79E−05 | 0 |
| Glycerophospholipid metabolism | 36 | 1 | Phosphatidylethanolamine | 3.91E−05 | 0.104 |
| Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis | 14 | 1 | Phosphatidylethanolamine | 3.91E−05 | 0.004 |
| Sulfur metabolism | 8 | 1 | Sulfate | 5.60E−05 | 0.213 |
| Purine metabolism | 65 | 1 | Sulfate | 5.60E−05 | 0 |
| beta-Alanine metabolism | 21 | 2 |
Aspartate; 3-Ureidopropionate |
1.09E−04 | 0.104 |
| Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis | 19 | 2 |
Aspartate; 3-Ureidopropionate |
1.09E−04 | 0.029 |
| Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis | 4 | 1 | Phenylalanine | 1.99E−04 | 0.500 |
| Phenylalanine metabolism | 10 | 1 | Phenylalanine | 1.99E−04 | 0.357 |
| Pyrimidine metabolism | 39 | 2 |
Orotidine 5'-phosphate; 3-Ureidopropionate |
5.06E−04 | 0.083 |
| Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism | 37 | 1 | beta-D-Fructose | 0.002 | 0 |
| Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism | 8 | 1 | Gulonate | 0.002 | 0 |
| Tryptophan metabolism | 41 | 2 |
Kynurenine; Formylanthranilate |
0.004 | 0.099 |
| Lysine degradation | 25 | 1 | N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine | 0.007 | 0 |
| Caffeine metabolism | 10 | 1 | 7-Methylxanthine | 0.01 | 0 |
| Primary bile acid biosynthesis | 46 | 1 | Glycocholate | 0.01 | 0.008 |
| Tyrosine metabolism | 42 | 1 | Thyroxine | 0.04 | 0 |
| Glycerolipid metabolism | 16 | 1 | Glycerol | 0.50 | 0.237 |
| Galactose metabolism | 27 | 1 | Glycerol | 0.50 | 0 |
| Sphingolipid metabolism | 21 | 1 | Sphingomyelin | 0.85 | 0 |
FDR Benjamini–Hochberg False Discovery Rate
*Metabolites with a Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) ID number