Table 3.
Adjusted odds ratios of neurological disorders in HIV-infected persons, stratification by age
| Variables | 20 ≤ Age < 40 | Age ≥ 40 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) | p-value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Comorbidities (2 year before index date) | ||||
| HCV infection | 1.34 (0.95–1.88) | 0.094 | 1.12 (0.64–1.97) | 0.696 |
| Substance use | 1.45 (1.13–1.86) | 0.003* | 1.01 (0.66–1.54) | 0.963 |
| Alcoholism | 1.23 (0.66–2.29) | 0.524 | 1.45 (0.48–4.40) | 0.516 |
| Traumatic brain injury | 1.42 (0.83–2.42) | 0.200 | 2.76 (0.98–7.78) | 0.055 |
| Sexually transmitted disease | 0.87 (0.73–1.03) | 0.097 | 0.93 (0.60–1.45) | 0.760 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.98 (0.52–1.84) | 0.952 | 1.24 (0.64–2.40) | 0.522 |
| Psychiatric illness | 1.23 (1.03–1.48) | 0.024* | 1.78 (1.27–2.51) | 0.001* |
| HIV-associated OIs | 1.37 (1.10–1.72) | 0.005* | 0.95 (0.62–1.45) | 0.806 |
| Frequency of ED visits | ||||
| None | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| 1–2 times annually | 2.18 (1.88–2.53) | <0.001* | 1.89 (1.39–2.56) | <0.001* |
| 3–5 times annually | 4.22 (3.41–5.22) | <0.001* | 3.19 (2.06–4.93) | <0.001* |
| > 5 times annually | 5.36 (3.58–8.01) | <0.001* | 14.20 (4.74–42.54) | <0.001* |
| cART adherence (in observation period) | ||||
| <90% | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| ≥90% | 0.41 (0.21–0.81) | 0.011* | 0.16 (0.02–1.34) | 0.091 |
| Urbanization | ||||
| Urban | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Suburban | 0.97 (0.80–1.17) | 0.737 | 0.98 (0.64–1.50) | 0.930 |
| Rural | 1.29 (1.10–1.52) | 0.002* | 1.54 (1.07–2.23) | 0.021* |
| Monthly income | ||||
| NT$≤15,840 | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| NT$ 15,841–25,000 | 0.95 (0.82–1.10) | 0.481 | 1.12 (0.83–1.52) | 0.467 |
| ≥ NT$ 25,001 | 0.60 (0.50–0.73) | <0.001* | 0.67 (0.45–0.99) | 0.044* |
OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval, ED Emergency department, cART Combination antiretroviral therapy, NT$ New Taiwan dollar
*p-value ≤ 0.05