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. 2023 Nov 6;13:19187. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-46162-4

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Associations between physical activity and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (ELISA-S), NutriNet-Santé cohort, 2020—SAPRIS-SERO, France. ELISA-S positive (n = 1091) compared to ELISA-S negative (n = 21,074) participants. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals per 30-min/week increments (A) and 250 MET-minutes/week increment (B) were obtained from multi-adjusted logistic regression models including sex (men/women), age, educational level (< high-school degree/high-school degree/undergraduate degree/graduate degree), employment status (no professional activity prior to lockdown: unemployed, retired, homemaker/short-time working/working outside home/working from home/student, trainee and other), smoking status (non-smoker, former smoker, smoker), presence of children and/or grandchildren aged under 18 years at home (yes/no), residential area (rural area/city < 20,000 inhabitants/city ≥ 20,000 to 100,000 inhabitants/city > 100,000 inhabitants), frequency of going out over the past week (never/once/2 to 5 times/6 to 10 times/ > 10 times), presence of chronic disease (yes/no), geographical area (Paris Basin/Centre-East/East/Mediterranean/North/West/Paris region/Southwest), BMI, month of blood draw (May–June/July/August–September–October), close relatives with COVID-19 symptoms (yes/no), and a composite score reflecting the adherence to recommended protective behaviors (range 0 to 9).