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. 2023 Oct 28;98:104854. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104854

Table 3.

Relative risks (95% CIs) of pneumonia mortality from different infectious causes due to non-optimum temperature, with and without the adjustment of air pollutants.

Extremely low temperaturea
Extremely high temperatureb
Without adjustment With adjustment Without adjustment With adjustment
Influenza-related pneumonia 2.46 (1.62, 3.74) 2.23 (1.37, 3.64) 1.42 (1.19, 1.69) 1.49 (1.19, 1.86)
Viral pneumonia 1.89 (1.55, 2.30) 2.09 (1.64, 2.66) 1.26 (1.17, 1.37) 1.27 (1.16, 1.39)
Bacterial pneumonia 1.81 (1.56, 2.09) 1.79 (1.51, 2.11) 1.35 (1.27, 1.44) 1.27 (1.19, 1.36)

Abbreviations: CIs, confidence intervals.

a

Extremely low temperature: the 1st percentile of temperature distribution (−12.9 °C, −16.7 °C, −16.9 °C), and the referent temperature is the minimum risk temperature (23.3 °C, 22.3 °C, 21.9 °C).

b

Extremely high temperature: the 99th percentile of temperature distribution (30.7 °C, 31.0 °C, 30.9 °C), and the referent temperature is the minimum risk temperature (23.3 °C, 22.3 °C, 21.9 °C).