Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Trial Participants Per Study Group
| Characteristics | Control group (n=37 families; 120 participants) | Intervention group (n=35 families; 115 participants) | p-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) or mean (SD) | |||
| Female sex | 70 (58.3%) | 80 (69.6%) | 0.07 |
| Family income <$30,000/year | 15 (12.5%) | 19 (16.5%) | 0.60 |
| Participant age groups | 0.56 | ||
| Adultsb | 74 (61.7%) | 67 (58.3%) | |
| Adolescents | 14 (11.7%) | 19 (16.5%) | |
| Children | 32 (26.7%) | 29 (25.2%) | |
| Mean family size | 3.2±0.6 | 3.3±0.6 | 0.77 |
| Age, years | |||
| All participants | 32.3±21.0 | 29.1±18.3 | 0.22 |
| Adults | 45.4±15.9 | 41.4±14.3 | 0.15 |
| Adolescents | 16.0±1.0 | 15.5±1.4 | 0.48 |
| Children | 8.9±2.1 | 9.5±2.2 | 0.36 |
| Adult BMI, kg/m2 | 31.0±6.1 | 29.9±6.6 | 0.18 |
| Waist-to-height ratio, cm | |||
| Adolescents | 0.50±0.12 | 0.49±0.07 | 0.90 |
| Children | 0.48±0.06 | 0.49±0.09 | 0.55 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | |||
| Adults | 120.0±16.1 | 116.7±19.2 | 0.28 |
| Adolescents | 108.7±7.9 | 109.4±8.4 | 0.82 |
| Children | 98.8±7.6 | 101.5±7.9 | 0.19 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | |||
| Adults | 72.7±11.3 | 71.2±9.2 | 0.40 |
| Adolescents | 62.7±9.5 | 65.7±6.5 | 0.29 |
| Children | 58.2±7.7 | 61.7±9.6 | 0.12 |
| Adult PA, MET minutes/week | |||
| Total activity | 5,460±6,963 | 4,114±5,344 | 0.20 |
| Occupational, moderate | 1,859±3,052 | 1,364±2,416 | 0.29 |
| Occupational, vigorous | 2,052±5,295 | 1,048±2,832 | 0.16 |
| Recreational, moderate | 356±547 | 367±608 | 0.91 |
| Recreational, vigorous | 822±1,721 | 716±1,252 | 0.68 |
| Transportation-related | 411±722 | 639±1,553 | 0.28 |
| Adolescent PA, MET minutes/week | |||
| Total activity | 4,099±4,022 | 3,147±2,818 | 0.68 |
| Recreational, moderate | 868±1,312 | 491±956 | 0.42 |
| Recreational, vigorous | 1,828±2,203 | 1,448±1,827 | 0.55 |
| Transportation-related | 412±692 | 640±1,263 | 0.52 |
| Occupational, moderatec | 330±467 | 336±602 | 0.98 |
| Occupational, vigorousc | 160±426 | 232±619 | 0.71 |
| Child PA, MET minutes/week | |||
| Total activity | 2,541±3,107 | 1,869±2,510 | 0.40 |
| Recreational, moderate | 558±893 | 601±1,338 | 0.89 |
| Recreational, vigorous | 1,266±2,137 | 1,060±1,147 | 0.65 |
| Transportation-related | 725±1,359 | 288±716 | 0.13 |
| Sedentary time, minutes/week | |||
| All participants | 1,870±1,138 | 1,976±1,208 | 0.50 |
| Adults | 1,487±939 | 1,857±1,275 | 0.06 |
| Adolescents | 2,415±1,227 | 2,147±1,136 | 0.53 |
| Children | 2,541±1,153 | 2,145±1,092 | 0.18 |
a
From 2-sample t-test or chi-square test where appropriate.
b
Adult participants: control group, n=74; intervention group, n=67.
c
Occupational activity was recorded for adolescent participants (age range=13–17 years).
BP, blood pressure; PA, physical activity.