Table 4.
Generalized estimating equation model showing predictors of vaccine dropout among children aged 12–35 months in remote and underserved settings of Ethiopia, 2022.
| Covariates (n = 2,417) | Dropout, n (%) | COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI)a |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wealth status | |||
| Poorest | 243 (59.0) | 2.55 (1.82–3.58)* | 1.87 (1.38–2.52)* |
| Poorer | 252 (47.5) | 1.67 (1.24–2.25)* | 1.15 (0.62–2.12) |
| Middle | 236 (44.0) | 1.45 (1.16–1.81)* | 1.06 (0.77–1.44) |
| Richer | 208 (36.0) | 1.04 (0.69–1.57) | 0.92 (0.61–1.40) |
| Richest | 145 (35.0) | 1 | 1 |
| Maternal educational status | |||
| No formal education | 699 (49.9) | 1.54 (1.42–1.68)* | 1.31 (1.11–1.53)* |
| Primary education | 212 (39.1) | 1 | 1 |
| Secondary education | 155 (34.6) | 0.84 (0.53–1.33) | 1.25 (0.86–1.82) |
| Tertiary education | 18 (23.6) | 0.47 (0.16–1.36) | 1.04 (0.41–2.59) |
| Caregiver’s employment status | |||
| Working | 513 (49.4) | 1.52 (1.09–2.12)* | 3.67 (1.24–10.86)* |
| Not working | 570 (40) | 1 | 1 |
| Paternal educational status | |||
| No formal education | 538 (49.9) | 1.42 (1.22–1.65)* | 1.30 (1.01–1.67)* |
| Primary education | 196 (40.7) | 1 | 1 |
| Secondary education | 199 (38.3) | 0.89 (0.71–1.13) | 0.92 (0.69–1.23) |
| Tertiary education | 45 (25.3) | 0.46 (0.17–1.28) | 0.61 (0.25–1.51) |
| Place of residence | |||
| Urban | 219 (42.6) | 0.95 (0.64–1.43) | 1.3 (0.96–1.78) |
| Rural | 865 (44.3) | 1 | 1 |
| Child age | |||
| 12–23 months | 508 (40.2) | 1 | 1 |
| 24–35 months | 575 (48.0) | 1.37 (1.14–1.65)* | 1.41 (1.11–1.79)* |
| Number of under-five children | |||
| One | 441 (36.2) | 1 | 1 |
| Two | 557 (51.0) | 1.81 (1.43–2.27)* | 1.77 (1.45–2.16)* |
| Three or more | 85 (55.4) | 2.02 (0.78- 5.21) | 1.89 (1.00–3.64)* |
| Marital status | |||
| Not married | 100 (50.1) | 1 | 1 |
| Married | 984 (43.4) | 0.76 (0.40–1.45) | 1.15 (0.69–1.9) |
| Caregiver’s age | |||
| 15–24 years | 224 (38.5) | 1 | 1 |
| 25–34 years | 642 (46.8) | 1.41 (1.11–1.79)* | 1.27 (1.15–1.39)* |
| 35–44 years | 176 (46.9) | 1.39 (1.05–1.85)* | 1.35 (0.96–1.90) |
| 45 years or above | 24 (42.2) | 1.16 (0.75–1.78) | 12.49 (3.87–40.33)* |
| ANC visits | |||
| Less than 4 contacts | 637 (48.9) | 1.37 (1.00–1.96)* | 1.17 (1.00–1.82)* |
| 4 or more contacts | 409 (39.7) | 1 | 1 |
| SBA | |||
| No | 455 (52.6) | 1.61 (1.23–2.08)* | 1.64 (1.21–2.27)* |
| Yes | 592 (40.3) | 1 | 1 |
| PNC | |||
| No | 588 (50.0) | 1.57 (1.05–2.35)* | 1.66 (1.15–2.39)* |
| Yes | 459 (39.6) | 1 | 1 |
| Availability of health facility in the kebele | |||
| Yes | 1015 (43.1) | 1 | 1 |
| No | 69 (61.8) | 2.07 (1.13–3.80)* | 1.49 (0.97–2.27) |
| One-way walking distance to the nearest health facility | |||
| 30 min or less | 481 (39.3) | 1 | 1 |
| 30 min or above | 603 (48.6) | 1.45 (1.16–1.82)* | 1.33 (1.22–1.45)* |
| Gender empowerment | |||
| Low | 160 (60.1) | 2.21 (1.68–2.93)* | 1.63 (1.24–2.15)* |
| Medium | 120 (43.3) | 1.11 (0.93–1.31) | 1.08 (0.97–1.21) |
| High | 704 (40.9) | 1 | 1 |
| Child sex | |||
| Boy | 607 (45) | 1.08 (0.89–1.29) | 1.07 (0.84–1.36) |
| Girl | 476 (42.8) | 1 | 1 |
| Sex of household head | |||
| Female | 120 (56.2) | 1.74 (0.90–3.35) | 1.88 (0.66–5.33) |
| Male | 964 (42.8) | 1 | 1 |
a
adjusted for all variables presented in the table.
*
Significant association at 5% level of significance.