Table 2. Association Between Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) z Score and Future Risk of Confirmed Disability Worsening (CDW) in the Expression, Proteomics, Imaging, Clinical (EPIC) study and Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Cohort (SMSC)a.
Variable | EPIC CDW-R(−2) | SMSC CDW-R(−2) | EPIC CDW-R(−1) | SMSC CDW-R(−1) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
CDW-R | ||||||||
Time preceding event (SD), mo | −25.1 (1.2) | −20.9 (5.3) | −12.6 (1.4) | −10.9 (3.1) | ||||
NfL z score | 0.88 (0.63 to 1.22) | .44 | 1.01 (0.82 to 1.23) | .96 | 1.19 (0.97 to 1.47) | .10 | 1.20 (0.99 to 1.46) | .06 |
NfL z score >1 vs ≤1 | 0.65 (0.19 to 2.25) | .49 | 1.09 (0.67 to 1.77) | .73 | 1.91 (0.94 to 3.87) | .07 | 1.70 (1.10 to 2.61) | .02 |
EPIC CDW-NR(−2) | SMSC CDW-NR(−2) | EPIC CDW-NR(−1) | SMSC CDW-NR(−1) | |||||
CDW-NR | ||||||||
Time preceding event (SD), mo | −26.2 (6.4) | −20.7 (5.6) | −12.2 (1.3) | −10.8 (3.5) | ||||
NfL z score | 1.16 (1.01 to 1.33) | .03 | 1.14 (1.04 to 1.24) | .004 | 1.19 (1.07 to 1.33) | .001 | 1.02 (0.94 to 1.10) | .72 |
NfL z score >1 vs ≤1 | 1.25 (0.84 to 1.87) | .27 | 1.49 (1.20 to 1.84) | <.001 | 1.40 (1.06 to 1.85) | .02 | 0.94 (0.76 to 1.17) | .60 |
Abbreviations: CDW-NR, confirmed disability worsening independent of clinical relapses; CDW-R, confirmed disability worsening with clinical relapses; CDW-R/CDW-NR(−1), 1 visit preceding the event; CDW-R/CDW-NR(−2), 2 visits preceding the event; HR, hazard ratio.
Recent relapse (within 90 days) at measurement visit, and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) at baseline.