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. 2023 Nov 6;80(12):1317–1325. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.3997

Table 2. Association Between Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) z Score and Future Risk of Confirmed Disability Worsening (CDW) in the Expression, Proteomics, Imaging, Clinical (EPIC) study and Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Cohort (SMSC)a.

Variable EPIC CDW-R(−2) SMSC CDW-R(−2) EPIC CDW-R(−1) SMSC CDW-R(−1)
HR (95% CI) P value HR (95% CI) P value HR (95% CI) P value HR (95% CI) P value
CDW-R
Time preceding event (SD), mo −25.1 (1.2) −20.9 (5.3) −12.6 (1.4) −10.9 (3.1)
NfL z score 0.88 (0.63 to 1.22) .44 1.01 (0.82 to 1.23) .96 1.19 (0.97 to 1.47) .10 1.20 (0.99 to 1.46) .06
NfL z score >1 vs ≤1 0.65 (0.19 to 2.25) .49 1.09 (0.67 to 1.77) .73 1.91 (0.94 to 3.87) .07 1.70 (1.10 to 2.61) .02
EPIC CDW-NR(−2) SMSC CDW-NR(−2) EPIC CDW-NR(−1) SMSC CDW-NR(−1)
CDW-NR
Time preceding event (SD), mo −26.2 (6.4) −20.7 (5.6) −12.2 (1.3) −10.8 (3.5)
NfL z score 1.16 (1.01 to 1.33) .03 1.14 (1.04 to 1.24) .004 1.19 (1.07 to 1.33) .001 1.02 (0.94 to 1.10) .72
NfL z score >1 vs ≤1 1.25 (0.84 to 1.87) .27 1.49 (1.20 to 1.84) <.001 1.40 (1.06 to 1.85) .02 0.94 (0.76 to 1.17) .60

Abbreviations: CDW-NR, confirmed disability worsening independent of clinical relapses; CDW-R, confirmed disability worsening with clinical relapses; CDW-R/CDW-NR(−1), 1 visit preceding the event; CDW-R/CDW-NR(−2), 2 visits preceding the event; HR, hazard ratio.

a

Recent relapse (within 90 days) at measurement visit, and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) at baseline.