Study	Reason for exclusion
ACTRN12617001588381	RCT, target sample size of 110 participants with calcaneal fractures. We excluded this ongoing study because it compared 2 surgical interventions (ORIF and transarticular tibio‐talo‐calcaneal nailing).
Aslan 2019	Plate and screw osteosynthesis versus circular leg cast in 54 participants with intra‐articular calcaneal fractures. Wrong study design (participants were not randomised to groups)
IRCT2016051327872N1	RCT, target sample size of 36 participants with calcaneal fractures. We excluded this study because it compared 2 surgical interventions (conventional and minimally invasive techniques).
Kashani 2013	Participants were recruited from 2 hospitals in Iran and treated surgically or non‐surgically for Sanders Type II fractures. We contacted the study authors, who confirmed that participants were not randomised, therefore we excluded this study from the review.
Li 2016	Study comparing surgical with non‐surgical treatment of the medial process of the calcaneal tuberosity in 18 people. Wrong study design (participants were not randomised to groups)
Rajikumar 2017	Open reduction and locking plate fixation versus conservative management in 20 people with calcaneal fractures. Wrong study design (participants were not randomised to groups)
Su 2017	Surgical versus non‐surgical treatment of Sanders II‐III calcaneal fractures in 60 elderly people. Wrong study design (participants were not randomised to groups)

ORIF: open reduction and internal fixation; RCT: randomised controlled trial