Table 4.

Subgroup analyses

	CERAD test	Animal Fluency Test	DSST
Gender
Female (continuous, n = 333)	1.74 (0.93, 3.26)	1.46 (0.74, 2.86)	0.87 (0.30, 2.53)
Q1	Reference
Q2	0.78 (0.23, 2.65)	1.26 (0.37, 4.35)	0.40 (0.12, 1.38)
Q3	1.04 (0.36, 3.01)	0.85 (0.30, 2.43)	1.06 (0.36, 3.13)
Q4	3.07 (1.04, 9.05) *	1.33 (0.46, 3.84)	0.73 (0.16, 3.35)
Male (continuous, n = 328)	1.48 (0.69, 3.18)	1.17 (0.47, 2.92)	0.85 (0.32, 2.29)
Q1	Reference
Q2	1.06 (0.38, 2.97)	0.80 (0.21, 3.01)	1.17 (0.24, 5.59)
Q3	1.30 (0.38, 4.48)	2.00 (0.65, 6.19)	1.23 (0.39, 3.92)
Q4	2.26 (0.73, 7.00)	1.13 (0.24, 5.45)	0.63 (0.14, 2.76)
Smoking
Yes (continuous, n = 329)	1.77 (0.95, 3.27)	1.41 (0.66, 2.98)	1.06 (0.57, 1.98)
Q1	Reference
Q2	0.98 (0.42, 2.26)	0.98 (0.34, 2.83)	1.44 (0.37, 5.62)
Q3	1.71 (0.53, 5.45)	1.52 (0.68, 3.39)	2.16 (0.86, 5.43)
Q4	2.70 (1.01, 7.26) *	1.71 (0.52, 5.64)	1.14 (0.46, 2.80)
No (continuous, n = 332)	1.45 (0.57, 3.69)	1.16 (0.48, 2.79)	0.55 (0.16, 1.90)
Q1	Reference
Q2	1.09 (0.56, 2.10)	1.00 (0.36, 2.82)	0.35 (0.12, 1.02)
Q3	0.84 (0.28, 2.52)	0.91 (0.34, 2.45)	0.47 (0.17, 1.34)
Q4	2.86 (0.79, 10.34)	0.81 (0.19, 3.41)	0.38 (0.08, 1.73)

Abbreviations: The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD); Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST)

Individuals who smoking ≥≥100 cigarettes during the whole life were defined as smokers

Data are presented as OR, 95% confidence intervals. * P < 0.05. ** P < 0.01

All analyses were based on model 2. The CERAD test included CERAD-WL and CERAD-DR.